Abstract: Systems and methods capable for use in the development of high-speed, shape-transitioning, inward-turning inlets for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles, and inlets formed thereby. The systems and methods preferably provide for designing high-speed inlets for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles, wherein unique solutions are defined in each osculating plane of the inlet. Such systems and methods optionally provide an optimization process for tuning the post throat-shock Mach number of the inlet, and/or designs a shock-capture surface using a parallel-streamlines methodology, and/or a double cowl-lip geometry to allow flow to spill overboard.

Abstract: A high enthalpy and low-cost Hypersonic Test Facility (HTF), which employs nitrous oxide to generate clean air-like gas; and a method of decomposing nitrous oxide in the presence of a catalyst in a catalytic decomposition chamber in a HTF.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for simulating the interaction of units, such as military units interacting on the battlefield, are disclosed. Embodiments utilize equations representing conservation of individuals and/or the ability to track the identity of unit components (“sub-units”). Further embodiments utilize fluid flow models for calculating personnel movement and/or formulating results as a probability distribution of where personnel are likely to be found after one or more time periods. Still further embodiments use terrain, overlays to the terrain (impediments) and/or casualties to influence group movement. Embodiments present information as contour lines of equal potential for locating personnel and/or casualties. Still further embodiments allow simulations to be run while changing various parameters to give predictive models of what is likely to occur.