Abstract: A phased array antenna including a plurality of antenna element units mounted to a panel having a first side and a second side. Each antenna unit includes a step aperture integrated radiating (STAIR) antenna element mounted to the first side of the panel and having an outer cylindrical waveguide, a septum polarizer including a plurality of steps and a septum feed structure, and a right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) feed structure electrically coupled to the septum feed structure. Each antenna unit further includes a triplexer module mounted to the second side of the panel and being responsive to a plurality of linearly polarized signals to be transmitted by the STAIR element, where the triplexer module operates to combine the plurality of linearly polarized signals and provide the combined signal to the RHCP feed structure to be converted by the septum polarizer to a circularly polarized signal for transmission.

Abstract: A system handles both reception signals collected via an antenna and transmission signals generated by a communication station for transmission via the antenna. The system includes a cryostat, a receive path carrying the reception signals and disposed in the cryostat, and a transmit path carrying the transmission signals. The receive path and the transmit path are coupled between the system and the antenna and between the system and the communication station. Accordingly, the receive path is duplexed with the transmit path such that the front-end system has a first single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the antenna and a second single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the communication station.

Abstract: A system handles both reception signals collected via an antenna and transmission signals generated by a communication station for transmission via the antenna. The system includes a cryostat, a receive path carrying the reception signals and disposed in the cryostat, and a transmit path carrying the transmission signals. The receive path and the transmit path are coupled between the system and the antenna and between the system and the communication station. Accordingly, the receive path is duplexed with the transmit path such that the front-end system has a first single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the antenna and a second single input/output connection for coupling the front-end system to the communication station.