Abstract: A document marker, including first values dependent upon the layout and the contents of the document and assigned by generating or preprocessing software, is provided in machine-readable symbology on the face of a printed version of the document. The marker may include encoded document layout information and values assigned on sequences of the original text, including text-dependent decimation sequences, error correction codes or check-sums. Upon optical character recognition scanning, or other digitizing reproduction, the marker is also scanned. The scanning computer, having corresponding software, assigns second values dependent upon the layout and contents of the reproduced document. Upon comparison of the first and second decimation sequences, line and character errors can be detected and some errors corrected, thereby generating re-aligned candidate sequences.

Abstract: A marker encoded and provided in the side channel of an analog rendering provides digital information about the analog rendering with which it is simultaneously provided. Perceptible non-intrusive, computer-interpretable encodings, incorporated into printed, handwritten, pictorial or video communication renderings, and audible, non-intrusive, computer-perceptible encodings in audio renderings, using available side channel bandwidth in those media, allow generating or preprocessing computer-to-recognizing computer communication of a wide range of information relating to the generation and reproduction of the main channel analog information, such as error correction encoding, scan order encoding, object identification and algorithms used in generating the analog information.

Abstract: A marker encoded and provided in the side channel of an analog rendering provides digital information about the analog rendering with which it is simultaneously provided. Perceptible non-intrusive, computer-interpretable encodings, incorporated into printed, handwritten, pictorial or video communication renderings, and audible, non-intrusive, computer-perceptible encodings in audio renderings, using available side channel bandwidth in those media, allow generating or preprocessing computer-to-recognizing computer communication of a wide range of information relating to the generation and reproduction of the main channel analog information, such as error correction encoding, scan order encoding, object identification and algorithms used in generating the analog information.

Abstract: A document marker, including first values dependent upon the layout and the contents of the document and assigned by generating or preprocessing software, is provided in machine-readable symbology on the face of a printed version of the document. The marker may include encoded document layout information and values assigned on sequences of the original text, including text-dependent decimation sequences, error correction codes or check-sums. Upon optical character recognition scanning, or other digitizing reproduction, the marker is also scanned. The scanning computer, having corresponding software, assigns second values dependent upon the layout and contents of the reproduced document. Upon comparison of the first and second decimation sequences, line and character errors can be detected and some errors corrected, thereby generating re-aligned candidate sequences.

Abstract: A certificate, calculated on the text of a document to be reproduced, is included in the document in a form which is machine-readable. Upon optical character recognition scanning, or other digitizing reproduction, the certificate is also scanned and stored for comparison. A new certificate is calculated on the contents of the reproduced document and compared to the scanned certificate. If the two certificates are different, it is known that at least one error exists in the reproduced document. More than one certificate can be provided for a document in order to facilitate error location on the document and error correction therein.

Abstract: A certificate, calculated on the text of a document to be reproduced, is included in the document in a form which is machine-readable. Upon optical character recognition scanning, or other digitizing reproduction, the certificate is also scanned and stored for comparison. A new certificate is calculated on the contents of the reproduced document and compared to the scanned certificate. If the two certificates are different, it is known that at least one error exists in the reproduced document. More than one certificate can be provided for a document in order to facilitate error location on the document and error correction therein.

Abstract: Independent heterogeneous computers are interconnected for oblivious, high speed, long distance communications. A printed circuit board with onboard RAM repeats all write commands through a data transmission media to a remote system. Each read and write cycle of the communicating computer is completed locally (using only local RAM). Apart from repeating write commands to a remote system, the invention is oblivious to the remote system. Data is transmitted from one machine to another without expensive communication protocols or transmission line latency induced wait states. A remote computer accesses network data only after it has been transmitted and stored in local memory. Multiple data transfers can be pipelined, that is, multiple datum may simultaneously reside in a high latency network/long transmission line. Although the time required to transmit any single datum remains proportional to the signal propagation delay, the time required to transmit multiple data is significantly reduced.