Abstract: Optical systems for cooling optoelectronic elements are provided. A representative optical system includes a substrate and a first optoelectronic element supported by the substrate. Additionally, a first channel is formed in the substrate and a first heat transfer fluid is arranged in the first channel. The first heat transfer fluid is thermally coupled with the first optoelectronic element so that at least a quantity of heat produced by the first optoelectronic element is dissipated by the first heat transfer fluid. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: A frequency modulated (FM) vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The frequency modulated VCSEL includes a mirror region that has an active region. The frequency modulated VCSEL also includes a phase adjustment region for use in altering the characteristics of the VCSEL. For example, by changing the index of refraction in the phase adjustment region, the wavelength of the VCSEL can be changed, resulting in frequency modulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for generating an animated character representation. This is achieved by using marked-up data including both content data and presentation data. The system then uses this information to generate phoneme and viseme data representing the speech to be presented by the character. By providing the presentation data this ensures that at least some variation in character appearance will automatically occur beyond that of the visemes required to make the character appear to speak. This contributes to the character having a far more lifelike appearance.

Abstract: Optical systems for cooling optoelectronic elements are provided. A representative optical system includes a substrate and a first optoelectronic element supported by the substrate. Additionally, a first channel is formed in the substrate and a first heat transfer fluid is arranged in the first channel. The first heat transfer fluid is thermally coupled with the first optoelectronic element so that at least a quantity of heat produced by the first optoelectronic element is dissipated by the first heat transfer fluid. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: A transmitter array that has at least one pixel element. Each pixel element includes at least a primary semiconductor laser and a secondary semiconductor laser. In this manner, when the primary semiconductor laser is inoperative, the secondary semiconductor laser is utilized for transmission.

Abstract: The optical splitter includes a diffractive optical element (DOE) to create a generally two-dimensional array of beams of light from an input light beam. Each beam carries substantially identical information content. The intensity and the position of each element of the array of beams may be controlled. In addition, an embodiment of the invention is an optical demultiplexer that comprises the above optical splitter.

Abstract: Optical systems for cooling optoelectronic elements are provided. A representative optical system includes a substrate and a first optoelectronic element supported by the substrate. Additionally, a first channel is formed in the substrate and a first heat transfer fluid is arranged in the first channel. The first heat transfer fluid is thermally coupled with the first optoelectronic element so that at least a quantity of heat produced by the first optoelectronic element is dissipated by the first heat transfer fluid. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: A method of contaminant sequestering. Specifically, one embodiment of the present invention discloses an apparatus for sequestering a contaminant comprising an exothermically reactive structure disposed within a hermetic enclosure. A sorbent material coats a surface of the exothermically reactive structure. The sorbent material reacts with a contaminant contained within an atmosphere of the hermetic enclosure when exposed to heat from an exothermic alloying reaction in the exothermically reactive structure. As such, the contaminant becomes sequestered within the hermetic enclosure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling movement of packaged devices. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention discloses an apparatus a method of providing a controlling mechanism for effecting physical control over a device that is disposed on a structure. An exothermically reactive structure is disposed on the controlling mechanism, such that, when activated, an exothermic alloying reaction between alloys in the exothermically reactive structure operates the controlling mechanism. The controlling mechanism is adapted to release the device, position the device, or tune the device.

Abstract: Optical systems are provided. One such optical system includes a first waveguide and an optical coupler. The first waveguide propagates optical signals to a first location. The optical coupler incorporates a first component and a second component and selectively, optically communicates with the first waveguide by moving between an uncoupled position and a coupled position. In the coupled position, the optical coupler optically communicates with the first waveguide so that at least some of the optical signals from the first waveguide are redirected by the first component, then the second component, and then propagated to a second location different than the first location. Methods and other optical systems also are provided.

Abstract: Optical modulators are provided. A representative optical modulator includes an optical medium that is adapted to propagate optical signals. An array of lattice sites are arranged in the optical medium, with at least some of the lattice sites exhibiting lower refractive indexes than the refractive index of the optical medium. Preferably, a first of the lattice sites incorporates a first optical component that is moveable relative to the optical medium. By moving the first optical component relative to the optical medium, a propagation characteristic of the optical medium can be altered. Optical systems, methods and other optical modulators also are provided.

Abstract: Optical communication devices and optical communication methods are described. The devices and methods may be implemented in parallel optical communication applications according to some exemplary described aspects to provide enhanced bandwidth. According to one aspect, an exemplary optical communication device includes a plurality of light sources configured in an array and individually adapted to communicate information with respect to an optical communication medium. Individual ones of the light sources are configured to emit light having at least three different and distinct levels to communicate the information with respect to the optical communication medium. The device of this aspect further includes a controller configured to provide a plurality of control signals to control respective ones of the light sources to individually communicate respective information using the at least three different and distinct levels to implement multi-level coding. Other aspects are described.

Abstract: Systems for removing heat from an opto-electronic component are provided. One such system incorporates an opto-electronic component that is thermally coupled to a heat spreader. The heat spreader is formed, at least partially, of a material capable of propagating optical signals. The heat spreader is operative to receive heat from the opto-electronic component and conduct an amount of the heat through at least a portion of the heat spreader. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: Optical systems are provided. A representative optical system includes an optical transceiver with an optical source and an optical receiver. The system also includes an optical bus. At least one of the optical source and the optical receiver is optically coupled to an intermediate portion of the optical bus. The optical source provides optical signals for propagation by the optical bus, and the optical receiver detects optical signals differentially. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: Optical systems for cooling optoelectronic elements are provided. A representative optical system includes a substrate and a first optoelectronic element supported by the substrate. Additionally, a first channel is formed in the substrate and a first heat transfer fluid is arranged in the first channel. The first heat transfer fluid is thermally coupled with the first optoelectronic element so that at least a quantity of heat produced by the first optoelectronic element is dissipated by the first heat transfer fluid. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: Optical systems for producing modulated light beams are provided. A representative optical system incorporates an integrated package that includes an optical source and an electro-optic modulator. The optical source is operative to produce light that is received by the electro-optic modulator. The electro-optic modulator externally modulates the light so that a modulated light beam is emitted from the integrated package. Methods and other optical systems also are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for generating an animated character representation. This is achieved by using marked-up data including both content data and presentation data. The system then uses this information to generate phoneme and viseme data representing the speech to be presented by the character. By providing the presentation data this ensures that at least some variation in character appearance will automatically occur beyond that of the visemes required to make the character appear to speak. This contributes to the character having a far more lifelike appearance.

Abstract: Systems for cooling heat-generating components are provided. A representative embodiment of such a system includes a heat-generating component supported by a substrate. A microcompressor supported by the substrate compresses a cooling fluid. A heat exchanger supported by the substrate receives cooling fluid from the microcompressor and removes heat from the cooling fluid. A microexpander is thermally coupled to the heat-generating component and receives and expands the cooling fluid to remove heat from the heat-generating component. Methods and other systems also are provided.

Abstract: Optical systems for producing modulated light are provided. A representative optical system incorporates an electron emitter and a electrical-to-optical converter. The electron emitter is operative to produce electrons. The electrical-to-optical converter is operative to receive electrons and convert the electrons into light. The optical system modulates the light so that modulated light is emitted. Methods and other optical systems also are provided.

Abstract: An enclosure for an optical communications device having a lid portion and a base portion. Alignment members adapted to interface with an optical connector are formed on the lid portion. The lid portion is affixed to the base portion with a portion of the communications components therebetween. Multiple base portions formed in a unitary piece of material and multiple lid portions formed in another unitary piece of material can be affixed to one another, and then separated into individual devices to minimize time spent aligning each base and lid portion.