Abstract: In one aspect, a method includes (i) identifying a plurality of upcoming content-modification opportunities for a content-presentation device, each respective content-modification opportunity corresponding to a respective underlying advertisement that is available for replacement by a respective supplemental advertisement; (ii) using the identified upcoming content-modification opportunities as a basis for determining expected values for a plurality of supplemental advertisements; (iii) selecting a subset of supplemental advertisements from among the plurality of supplemental advertisements based on the subset having expected values above a threshold value; (iv) in advance of the upcoming content-modification opportunities, sending the subset of supplemental advertisements to be locally stored at the content-presentation device; and (v) upon occurrence of one of the content-modification opportunities, causing the content-presentation device to replace one of the respective underlying advertisements with one o

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to calibrate media ratings based on return path data are disclosed. An apparatus includes a processor and memory including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: determine an initial rating for the media provided in a first geographic area based on return path data (RPD) tuning information obtained from RPD devices in subscriber households in the first geographic area; determine a first panelist rating for the media provided in a second geographic area based on first panel tuning information obtained from first metering devices in a first subset of panelist households in the second geographic area; determine a nonsubscriber calibration factor based on the first panelist rating; and determine a final rating for the media in the first geographic area by modifying the initial rating based on the nonsubscriber calibration factor.

Abstract: An example includes splitting audience member records into child nodes based on comparisons of first ones of attribute-value pairs of the audience member records to a first threshold, the attribute-value pairs representative of database subscriber activity data of corresponding audience members; in response to a quantity of ones of the audience member records in a first child node not satisfying the minimum leaf size, storing a terminal node value to indicate the first child node as a terminal node associated with one age category; in response to the quantity of the ones of the audience member records in the first child node satisfying the minimum leaf size, storing an intermediate node value to indicate the first child node as an intermediate node; and generating an age-correction model based on terminal nodes to facilitate correcting a database subscriber age characteristic associated with a media impression that is logged by a server.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to adjust demographic information of user accounts to reflect primary users of the user accounts. An apparatus comprising: memory; and processor circuitry to execute instructions that causes the processor circuitry to at least: determine a first total score for a first panelist associated with a panelist user account based on at least one of a first impression score, a first age score, or a first gender score; determine a second total score for a second panelist associated with the panelist user account based on at least one of a second impression score, a second age score, or a second gender score; and in response to determining that the first total score satisfies a threshold, store demographics of the first panelist for the panelist user account.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate computer-trained machine learning models to correct computer-generated errors in audience data. An example apparatus includes a query selector to select a plurality of features and a range of hyperparameters; a query generator to generate a plurality of machine learning models based on the plurality of features and the range of hyperparameters, and initiate training of the plurality of machine learning models based on demographic data in a privacy-protected cloud environment, the demographic data obtained from database proprietor user accounts corresponding to audience measurement panelists; and a model selector to select a first machine learning model from the plurality of machine learning models.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to adjust media impressions based on media impression notification loss rates in network communications are disclosed.

Abstract: An example apparatus disclosed herein includes a panelist detector to identify audience measurement panelists associated with database proprietor accounts, a sign-in rate calculator to determine an actual sign-in rate of the audience measurement panelists based on first impressions represented in database proprietor impressions data and second impressions represented in panel data, an adjustment factor generator to determine a first audience adjustment factor corresponding to a first sign-in rate and a second audience adjustment factor corresponding to a second sign-in rate, and a weighting controller to generate a first weighted audience adjustment factor and a second weighted audience adjustment factor by weighting the first and second audience adjustment factors by the actual sign-in rate, the adjustment factor generator to determine a signed-out adjustment factor based on the first and second weighted audience adjustment factors.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to generate audience metrics using third-party privacy-protected cloud environments. An example apparatus includes a data modifier to obtain a first matrix, the first matrix including first data indicative of entities and embeddings, the entities representative of at least one of search result clicks or videos watched, the embeddings representative of at least one of first classifications of the search result clicks or second classifications of the videos watched, generate a second matrix by reducing the first data in the first matrix to second data that satisfies a size corresponding to an input feature, and store the second matrix in first memory as the input feature, and a model generator to generate a demographic correction model based on the second matrix as the input feature, the demographic correction model to correct demographics corresponding to impressions logged in second memory.

Abstract: An example apparatus disclosed herein includes a data input interface to access different sets of initial adjustment factors, the initial adjustment factors generated to correct at least one of misattribution or non-coverage of media impressions logged by a database proprietor, a grouping controller to identify a first set of the initial adjustment factors as a set of donor adjustment factors based on (a) first audience members associated with the set of donor adjustment factors satisfying a first threshold and (b) first impressions associated with the first audience members satisfying a second threshold, and identify a second set of the initial adjustment factors as a set of recipient adjustment factors, and an imputation factor generator to generate imputation factors to correct ones of the recipient adjustment factors based on ones of the donor adjustment factors.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to generate audience metrics using third-party privacy-protected cloud environments.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for multi-account adjustment in third-party privacy-protected cloud environments are disclosed herein. A disclosed example apparatus includes memory and processor circuitry to execute computer readable instructions to select a demographic characteristic, the demographic characteristic defining a segment of panelists, select a type of client device, determine a number of the panelists associated with the demographic characteristic and the client device, and define a multi-account adjustment factor for the demographic characteristic and the client device, the factor based on a ratio of a number of panelists to a number of user accounts, the user accounts associated with the determined number of panelists.

Abstract: Methods, systems, articles of manufacture, and apparatus are disclosed to map client specifications to standardized characteristics. An example apparatus includes a cluster identifier to cluster client databases into client clusters based on a threshold quantity of overlapping universal product codes (UPCs) between respective ones of the client databases, a characteristic analyzer to identify custom characteristics from the respective ones of the client clusters, ones of the custom characteristics having dissimilar nomenclature, and a graph builder to cluster the ones of the custom characteristics based on a similarity metric, and normalize the ones of the custom characteristics as a proxy characteristic, the proxy characteristic having a common nomenclature to represent the ones of the custom characteristics, the characteristic analyzer to enable improved product marketing analysis by replacing dissimilar nomenclature with the proxy characteristic.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to determine reach with time dependent weights are disclosed. An example method disclosed herein includes determining a first subset of panelists exposed to media at a first time; determining a second subset of the panelists exposed to the media at a second time; applying a first plurality of weights to the first subset of panelists to generate first weighted exposures; applying a second plurality of weights to the second subset of the panelists to generate second weighted exposures; for a first panelist in the first and second subsets, determining a first cumulative weighted exposure by determining which of the first and second weighted exposures is largest for each of the first panelist; for a second panelist in one of the first and second subsets, determining a second cumulative weighted exposure by based on the weight applied to the second panelist; and determining a reach of the media for the first and second times by combining the first and second cumulative weighted exposures.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate synthetic respondent level data. An example apparatus includes: a comparator to compare a target rating to a computed rating to determine a comparison result, the computed rating determined based on a seed panel, the seed panel including monitored panelists associated with return path data; a seed panelist data adjuster to adjust the seed panel based on the comparison result to reduce an error between the target rating and the computed rating; and a household data adjuster to add tuning without viewing data to households of the adjusted seed panel, the tuning without viewing data for a first one of the households to represent monitored data corresponding to a media presentation device of the first one of the households being on while a media output device in communication with the media presentation device is off.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to perform identity matching across audience measurement systems are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to generate synthetic respondent level data. Example apparatus disclosed herein include a synthetic panel generator to (i) generate a synthetic panel corresponding to a duration of time, the synthetic panel to be generated based on (a) a seed panel and (b) duration constraints based on return path data reported by a plurality of media devices, the synthetic panel representative of audiences of media presented by the plurality of media devices during the duration of time, and (ii) generate synthetic respondent level data based on viewing data of synthetic panelists in the synthetic panel. Disclosed example apparatus also include an output file generator to generate an output file based on the synthetic respondent level data.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to estimate cardinality of users represented in arbitrarily distributed bloom filter arrays are disclosed. An apparatus includes a communications interface to obtain a first Bloom filter array generated by a first computer of a first database proprietor and obtain a second Bloom filter array generated by a second computer of a second database proprietor. The apparatus includes a cardinality analyzer to estimate a total number of unique users included in a union of corresponding ones of the first and second users represented in the first and second Bloom filter arrays regardless of whether the first and second users are mapped, based on a first distribution or a second distribution different than the first distribution, to the corresponding first and second Bloom filter arrays.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to calibrate media ratings based on return path data are disclosed. An apparatus includes a processor and memory including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: determine an initial rating for the media provided in a first geographic area based on return path data (RPD) tuning information obtained from RPD devices in subscriber households in the first geographic area; determine a first panelist rating for the media provided in a second geographic area based on first panel tuning information obtained from first metering devices in a first subset of panelist households in the second geographic area; determine a nonsubscriber calibration factor based on the first panelist rating; and determine a final rating for the media in the first geographic area by modifying the initial rating based on the nonsubscriber calibration factor.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to categorize audience members by age. An example apparatus includes memory including instructions, and a processor to execute the instructions to split audience member records from an initial node into child nodes based on comparisons of attribute-value pairs of the audience member records to a first value threshold, the attribute-value pairs representative of database subscriber activity data of audience members subscribed to a database proprietor, designate a first child node of the child nodes as a terminal node when a quantity of the audience member records of the first child node of the child nodes does not satisfy a minimum leaf size, generate an age-correction model based on the terminal node, and correct, based on the age-correction model, the age characteristic associated with the media impression, the media impression indicative of a person exposed to media presented by a media presentation device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining a unique audience exposed to media while reducing memory resources of a computing device are disclosed herein. An example apparatus includes means for logging a plurality of impressions based on impression requests from a plurality of client devices, the plurality of impressions corresponding to media accessed at the client devices; means for obtaining counts, the obtaining means to: obtain a count of demographic impressions logged by a database proprietor; and obtain a count of registered users of the database proprietor exposed to the media; and means for determining a unique audience size by: multiplying a count of the plurality of impressions by a square of the count of the registered users to generate a product; dividing the product by the count of the demographic impressions to generate a quotient; and determining the unique audience size based on a square root of the quotient.