Abstract: A system and method enabling precise range estimation and time synchronization between a first object such as a vehicle having a primary communications mechanism and an interconnected first controller, and a second object having a secondary communications mechanism and an interconnected second controller. The primary sends communications into the environment and the secondary receives them; the secondary then sends replies to the primary. The communications have information for determining range between the two objects and for comparing the second object's internal clock with a more accurate clock of the first object. Repeated exchanges of communications between the two objects enables additional precision of range as well as time synchronization information.

Abstract: A system and method to broadcast an optical signal through an amorphous medium, including a primary emitter capable of producing a primary optical signal during at least one broadcast period and capable of transmitting the primary optical signal through the amorphous medium. A secondary emitter, separate from the primary emitter and in operation during at least a portion of the broadcast period, produces a secondary emission detectable by a detector during the broadcast period. A signal entrainment controller, in communication with the primary emitter and the secondary emitter, synchronizes the secondary emitter with the primary emitter to generate a resultant signal of higher intensity than the primary signal by itself.