Abstract: A heating element includes two flexible plastics layers connected in overlying relationship with first and second conductors each running along the element between the layers the side edges with a row of printed conductive strips at right angles to the conductors. A grounding layer comprising a sheet of foil laminated to a carrier is laminated to the heating element. A reinforcing layer in the form of a bitumen anti-fracture membrane is applied on one surface and a reinforcing layer of a fiber reinforced material is applied on the opposite surface for engagement into a tile adhesive layer. First and second strips of an electrically insulating material are applied over the first and second conductors to define slots allowing insertion into the slots of respective clamp type terminals.

Abstract: A heating element includes two flexible plastics layers connected in overlying relationship with first and second conductors each running along the element between the layers the side edges with a row of printed conductive strips at right angles to the conductors. A grounding layer comprising a sheet of foil laminated to a carrier is laminated to the heating element. A reinforcing layer in the form of a bitumen anti-fracture membrane is applied on one surface and a reinforcing layer of a fiber reinforced material is applied on the opposite surface for engagement into a tile adhesive layer. First and second strips of an electrically insulating material are applied over the first and second conductors to define slots allowing insertion into the slots of respective clamp type terminals.

Abstract: A heating element includes two flexible plastics layers connected in overlying relationship with first and second conductors each running along the element between the layers the side edges with a row of printed conductive strips at right angles to the conductors. A grounding layer comprising a sheet of foil laminated to a carrier is laminated to the heating element. A reinforcing layer in the form of a bitumen anti-fracture membrane is applied on one surface and a reinforcing layer of a fiber reinforced material is applied on the opposite surface for engagement into a tile adhesive layer. First and second strips of an electrically insulating material are applied over the first and second conductors to define slots allowing insertion into the slots of respective clamp type terminals.

Abstract: A miniature circuit interrupter for interruption of a primary circuit, the circuit interrupter formed or molded with a plug, connector or the like, the plug or connector being non-serviceable and the circuit interrupter therein being sealed and watertight.

Abstract: An under floorcovering heating systems for positioning below a floorcovering is provided. The systems include pads having a heat conducting substrate within which is positioned solid conductor resistance heating wires in a serpentine manner for heating the substrate. The wire is covered by at least one layer of material providing electrical insulation and strong mechanical strength, jacketed by an electrically conductive "self-healing" ("self-curing") strong layer of material for the purposes of grounding and protecting the system. Also provided are electrical connecting mechanisms for connecting the resistance wire to a source of electricity including mechanisms connected to the jacketed conductive material for grounding the system.