Abstract: An image format conversion apparatus including a 3:2 pull-down detection part determining whether a current field out of plural fields continuous in time is an image of a 3:2 pull-down format produced by a 3:2 pull-down process; a scroll text/graphic data detection part determining whether scroll motions exist on the current field; a 3:2 pull-down compensation part calculating interpolation values for pixels of the current field to be interpolated by using a 3:2 pull-down interpolation method; an IPC part calculating interpolation values for pixels of the current field to be interpolated by using a second interpolation method; and an output selection part for selectively outputting either the interpolation values of the 3:2 pull-down compensation part or the interpolation values of the IPC part based on results of the determinations of the scroll text/graphic detection part and the 3:2 pull-down detection part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable gain amplifier having low voltage, low distortion, high linearity and wideband operating characteristics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a microstrip array antenna, especially a broad-band dual-polarized microstrip array antenna having parallel feeding structure whose consist of two parts power supplying layers each of which generates its own polarization respectively. And the broad-band dual-polarized microstrip array antenna according to the present invention arranges transmission paths for two separate linear polarization on a different layer each other in order to minimize an interference effect and a proximity feeding method and an aperture coupled method are used in order to get two separate polarization.

Abstract: In a digital camera including a digital signal processing portion processing a digital image and a display device displaying the image according to a digital signal from the digital signal processing portion, and a control portion controlling overall operation, after the user takes a picture, image data is analyzed by the digital signal processing portion to determine picture quality and, when it is determined that the picture quality is inadequate, the user is informed of information regarding the quality of the picture.

Abstract: The present invention is a data transfer protocol control system with a host bus interface that includes a transmitting/receiving command DMA, a transmitting data DMA and a receiving data DMA for controlling data transfer protocol with a host bus interface considering characteristic, usage frequency, simultaneous processing functions of the command DMA and the data DMAs. A host interface bus is efficiently used and bus usage ratio is distributed properly to support transfer flow properly and improve the entire system performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reflection mirror of a projection television to prevent the frame of the projection television from being deformed and to fabricate the projection television with ease. The reflection mirror is fabricated by forming a plurality of ribs at a section of the frame and inserting a soft shield plate between the ribs.

Abstract: The invention provides a wearable electrode apparatus and manufacture thereof. The wearable electrode apparatus includes a garment and 2M terminals. The garment includes 2M electrically conductive portions. Each of the terminals is disposed on one of the 2M electrically conductive portions, respectively, for purpose of connection with an external apparatus. In particular, a semi-garment is first formed and cut out from a fabric according to a pattern of the garment. The electrically conductive portions are formed together with or after the formation of the semi-garment. Then, the semi-garment with the electrically conductive portions is formed into the garment.

Abstract: A method is provided for differentiating embryonic stem cells to endocrine cells. The method includes generating embryoid bodies from a culture of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells, selecting endocrine precursor cells, expanding the endocrine precursor cells by culturing endocrine cells in an expansion medium that comprises a growth factor, and differentiating the expanded endocrine precursor cells in a differentiation media to differentiated endocrine cells produced by this method are also provided. Artificial islets are disclosed, as well as method for using the pancreatic endocrine cells and the artificial islets.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement admixture that comprises at least one of a carboxylic acid based copolymer comprising a reactive surfactant as a monomer or a copolymer salt obtained by neutralizing the copolymer with an alkaline substance, a method for preparing the same, and a cement composition comprising the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming bit lines of a semiconductor device capable of solving an issue on overlay between a bit line contact and a bit line when bit lines of DRAM are formed.

Abstract: A motion estimation apparatus is provided. The motion estimation apparatus includes a demultiplexer which receives a selection flag from a user and current image data, and selectively outputs the current image data using one output terminal selected from a plurality of output terminals by the selection flag, a motion estimator which performs a motion estimation operation on the current image data using one motion estimation algorithm selected from a plurality of motion estimation algorithms depending on the output of the demultiplexer, and outputs a motion vector, and a multiplexer which receives the selection flag and outputs the motion vector in response to the selection flag.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger in a refrigerator having a simple structure and an improved heat exchange performance. For this, the present invention includes refrigerant tubes (10) having a plurality of straight parts (11) and a plurality of curved parts (12) connected between the straight parts arrange to form one or more columns perpendicular to each other, a plurality of straight plate type fins (20) fitted to the straight parts (11) of the refrigerant tubes (10) by means of a plurality of through holes (21) formed therein to form one or more than columns along a length direction, and one pair of reinforcing plates (30) fitted to the straight parts of the refrigerant tubes on both sides of the fins, wherein ST=D/N, where D denotes a width of the reinforcing plate (30), ST denotes a distance between centers of the refrigerant tube in each column, N denotes a number of the columns of the refrigerant tubes (21).

Abstract: A field emission display. Gate electrodes are formed in a predetermined pattern on a first substrate. An insulation layer is formed on the first substrate covering the gate electrodes. Cathode electrodes are formed in a predetermined pattern on the insulation layer. Emitters are provided electrically contacting the cathode electrodes. A second substrate is provided opposing the first substrate with a predetermined gap therebetween. The first substrate and the second substrate form a vacuum container. An anode electrode is formed on a surface of the second substrate opposing the first substrate. Phosphor layers are formed in a predetermined pattern on the anode electrode. Portions of the cathode electrodes are removed to form emitter-receiving sections. Fences are formed between the emitter-receiving sections, one of the emitters being provided in each of the emitter-receiving sections electrically contacting the cathode electrodes.

Abstract: In a cooking vessel for use in a microwave oven, a microwave cooking vessel comprises a vessel a having a bottom surface, a body wall, and an open region, wherein the open region extends upwardly from the bottom surface to terminate at the peripheral flange; a heating element adapted to convert microwave radiation into thermal energy, the heating element composed primarily of a mixture of elastic material and ferrite particles, wherein the top face of the heating element is attached to the outer bottom surface of the vessel so as to distribute heat along the bottom of the vessel; and a cover having a dome-shape and comprising a handle for engaging and disengaging the cover onto the vessel, plurality of apertures which provides a pathway for heated air and moisture so that the cover does not disengage from the vessel when the microwave cooking vessel is in use, and an annular flange which sits on the peripheral flange of the vessel when the cover is engaged to the vessel, wherein the cover is composed primaril

Abstract: A storage container designed such that a locking unit to removably lock a cover to a body has a plurality of locking positions, thus allowing a storage space for storing items to be variable. The locking unit includes a locking member and a rotary member. The locking member is provided at a side of the cover. The rotary member is rotatably mounted at a side of the body, and has a plurality of locking holes. The locking holes are arranged on the rotary member along a vertical direction. When the locking member is inserted into a lowermost hinge hole, the storage space has a minimum volume. When the locking member is inserted into an uppermost hinge hole, the storage space has a maximum volume. When the locking member is inserted into a middle hinge hole, the storage space has a middle volume.

Abstract: A design of bipolar plate gas moisturizing apparatus of the fuel cell is disclosed. Using a channel installed in the middle section of fuel channel and a water-absorptive material attached to its bottom, water is directly guided into the fuel channel of the bipolar plate in the fuel cell. The fuel inside the fuel channel thus obtains sufficient water to enhance the humidity of the proton exchange membrane and the efficiency of the fuel cell.

Abstract: A method for detecting dynamic video pixels by using adaptive counter threshold values according to field difference value of the frame in the video, thereby to determine whether the frame is an interlaced frame or a progressive frame and to eliminate incorrect judgements resulting from field difference and to improve accuracy of frame determination.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of precisely correcting geometrically distorted satellite images. In order to correct a geometrically distorted satellite image, the position and attitude of a satellite must be accurately recognized. In this case, a correlation between the position and attitude values of the satellite exists, so accurate position and attitude values cannot be obtained. Therefore, the present invention accurately obtains position and attitude information of the satellite by separating variables having a high correlation to minimize the correlation between the position and attitude of the satellite and then calculating corresponding variables, and precisely corrects a geometrically distorted satellite image using the position and attitude information of the satellite.

Abstract: A fabricating method of a substrate for a liquid crystal display device includes: coating a cholesteric liquid crystal material on a substrate to form a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, the substrate having a plurality of sub-pixel regions; disposing a mask having a plurality of open portions over the cholesteric liquid crystal layer; irradiating the cholesteric liquid crystal layer through the mask and curing the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, wherein each open portion is smaller than each sub-pixel region.

Abstract: A magnetron, and a microwave oven and a high frequency heating apparatus each equipped with the same use, a single permanent magnet disposed above or below an anode, a pole piece near the permanent magnet that has a magnetic flux dispersing structure, and another pole piece opposite to the permanent magnet that has a magnetic flux concentrating structure. In accordance with the present invention, even though a single permanent magnet is provided, magnetic flux density is rendered uniform across an activating space, so that the volume and parts of the magnetron are reduced and the curtailment of manufacturing costs is realized.