Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the quantity of light incident on an image sensor by controlling size or shape of a diaphragm and also by adjusting light transmittance of the diaphragm is provided. The light control apparatus is disposed on the light path of the image sensing device and controls a quantity of light incident on the image sensor. The light control apparatus includes a Guest-Host LCD panel applied no polarizing film and a control unit for reducing the time to take multi-frame detection by driving voltages which are applied to respective pixels of the Guest-Host LCD panel, to be increased at least when taking multiple frames in series. The Guest-Host LCD panel has a plurality of pixels forming closed curves or boundaries on a plane, which are electrically driven individually. Also, the pixels have uniform light transmittance throughout the entire azimuth of the closed curves or boundaries with an origin.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the quantity of light incident on an image sensor by controlling size or shape of a diaphragm and also by adjusting light transmittance of the diaphragm is provided. The light control apparatus is disposed on the light path of the image sensing device and controls a quantity of light incident on the image sensor. The light control apparatus includes a Guest-Host LCD panel applied no polarizing film and a control unit for reducing the time to take multi-frame detection by driving voltages which are applied to respective pixels of the Guest-Host LCD panel, to be increased at least when taking multiple frames in series. The Guest-Host LCD panel has a plurality of pixels forming closed curves or boundaries on a plane, which are electrically driven individually. Also, the pixels have uniform light transmittance throughout the entire azimuth of the closed curves or boundaries with an origin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an LCD light-reducing apparatus, and to a vehicle smart mirror using the same, which are to be applied to the interior rear-view mirror or exterior side-view mirrors of a vehicle to protect the vision of the driver of the vehicle from bright lights or glares coming from behind him during nighttime drive. The LCD light-reducing apparatus according to the present invention comprises an LCD panel including at least one liquid crystal cell, and a power supply device for supplying a sufficient electric field to the LCD panel. The LCD cell includes a liquid crystal layer; and two substrate layers opposite one another with the liquid crystal layer at center thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a smart mirror apparatus using an LCD panel. The smart mirror of the present invention includes a reflective mirror, which is provided in the vehicle, and an LCD panel, which is placed in a light path between the reflective mirror and eyes of the driver and has one or two polarizing sheets. The smart mirror further includes an incident light detecting unit, which detects both the brightness of the incident light transmitted from the rear to the LCD panel and the brightness around the LCD panel, and calculates a difference value therebetween. The smart mirror further includes a voltage determination unit, which receives the calculated difference value and determines the drive voltage depending on the difference value, and a voltage apply and supply unit which applies the drive voltage, determined by the voltage determination unit, to the LCD panel.

Abstract: A back bias voltage level detector is capable of accurately detecting a back bias voltage level by constantly maintaining a voltage inputted into a comparator using a clamp circuit or a current mirror circuit. The back bias voltage level detector includes voltage control circuitry for accurately detecting the back bias voltage and maintaining a constant input voltage to the comparator, and first and second resistors coupled in series between an electric voltage and a back bias voltage for distributing voltage inputted thereto. A comparator compares the distributed and inputted voltage with a reference voltage. A back bias voltage detector is provided for outputting a detection signal by determining that a predetermined back bias voltage is detected when the input voltage and the reference voltage are identical as a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A polymeric orientating material for a liquid crystal display including a charged pair electrostatically bound to the main chain of the polymer, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal display adopting the same as an orientation. The ferroelectric liquid crystal display of the present invention has improved memory stability through fast reduction of the anti-electrical field formed when an external electrical field is applied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a pair of transparent electrodes formed on the substrates, a pair of orientation layers consisting of at least two coating layers formed on the transparent electrode and a liquid crystal material layer, to thereby reduce a defect rate due to rubbing. Since two or more orientation materials having different pre-tilt angles are used, control of the pre-tilt angle is advantageous so that a disinclination defect generated when voltage is applied can be removed. The liquid crystal orientation is stable and uniform.