Abstract: An energy storage module includes: a cover member including an internal receiving space configured to accommodate battery cells each including a vent; a top plate coupled to a top of the cover member and including ducts respectively corresponding to the vents of the battery cells; a top cover coupled to a top portion of the top plate and including discharge holes located in an exhaust area and respectively corresponding to the ducts; and an extinguisher sheet located between the top cover and the top plate, and configured to emit a fire extinguishing agent at a temperature exceeding a reference temperature, and the top cover includes protrusion parts located on a bottom surface of the top cover, covering the exhaust area, and coupled to an exterior of the ducts.

Abstract: A field emission cathode and a method of manufacturing a field emission cathode, wherein a primitive tip is formed under a first thermal oxide layer, and a nitride layer is formed on the surface of the first thermal oxide layer covering the primitive tip so that only the lower portion of the tip is oxidized without the upper portion of the tip being oxidized by a second thermal oxidation process. The method can attain a constant and controllable tip height.