Abstract: A lens assembly including an incident side on which light is incident and an exit side opposite to the incident side, includes: a first polarization layer disposed adjacent to the incident side; a second polarization layer disposed between the first polarization layer and the exit side; a phase retardation layer disposed between the first polarization layer and the second polarization layer. The phase retardation layer has a first phase retardation refractive index along a first direction, has a second phase retardation refractive index equal to the first phase retardation refractive index along a second direction, and has a third phase retardation refractive index along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, and the first phase retardation refractive index and the second phase retardation refractive index are different from the third phase retardation refractive index.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor structure defect monitoring method including injecting a laser beam into a semiconductor structure to form excited carriers in the semiconductor structure; irradiating an electromagnetic wave onto the semiconductor structure while the excited carriers in the semiconductor structure are recombining; measuring characteristic information of the electromagnetic wave reacting with the excited carriers in the semiconductor structure; and determining a defect density or defect distribution of the semiconductor structure by using a parameter including the measured characteristic information of the electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: Provided is a thin film monitoring method including: injecting a laser beam into a thin film on a substrate to form excited carriers in the thin film, irradiating an electromagnetic wave onto the thin film while the excited carriers in the thin film are recombining, measuring characteristic information of the electromagnetic wave reacting with the excited carriers in the thin film, and determining composition uniformity or defect distribution of the thin film based on locations on the substrate by using a parameter including the measured characteristic information of the electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes a negative electrode active layer divided into a center region, an edge region, and a sliding region on a negative electrode current collector. The lithium precipitation at the end of the negative electrode active layer can be suppressed by the alignment (O.I) of each carbon-based negative electrode active material contained in the center region, the edge region, and the sliding region satisfying Equation 1 and Equation 2. A secondary battery including the same has the advantage of excellent rapid charging performance. A method of manufacturing the negative electrode is also provided.

Abstract: A magnetic alignment device includes a first magnet part and a second magnet part, a thickness measuring part, and a control part. The first and second magnet parts accommodate an electrode sheet therebetween and the thickness measuring part measures a thickness of a negative electrode slurry disposed on the electrode sheet. The control part adjusts the separation distance of the first and second magnet parts. The magnetic alignment device measures the thickness of the negative electrode slurry applied on the negative electrode current collector in real time and controls the intensity of the magnetic field by adjusting the separation distance of the magnet part according to the measured negative electrode slurry thickness, and has an advantage of uniformly high alignment degree of the crystal faces of the carbon-based negative electrode active material contained in prepared negative electrode active layer.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes a carbon-based negative electrode active material and a silicon-based negative electrode active material together as a negative electrode active material. The negative electrode exhibits excellent characteristics of charge and discharge capacity and energy density. Furthermore, the negative electrode has the advantage of exhibiting high charge characteristics and life characteristics during long-term charge and discharge by realizing the alignment (O.Ia) of the carbon-based negative electrode active material after activation in a predetermined range that is lower than the alignment (O.Ir) of the carbon-based negative electrode active material before activation. A lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode is also provided. Further, methods of manufacturing the negative electrode and the lithium secondary battery are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein relates to a negative electrode for lithium secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the same. The negative electrode has a structure in which a first negative electrode active layer and a second negative electrode active layer are sequentially stacked on a negative electrode current collector. By controlling alignment (O.I) of the carbon-based active material to be lower in the second negative electrode active layer than in the first negative electrode active layer, and by preparing a low percentage of pores in the second negative electrode active layer, it is possible to have a flow path for the electrolyte to move inside the negative electrode active layer even after the rolling process of the negative electrode active layer. The negative electrode also has a high wetting ability to the electrolyte and high energy density.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for image encoding/decoding. An intra-prediction mode for the target block is derived, and intra-prediction for the target block that uses the derived intra-prediction mode is performed. The intra-prediction mode for the target block is derived using an artificial neural network, and an MPM list for the target block is derived using information about the target block, pieces of information about blocks adjacent to the target block, and the artificial neural network. The artificial neural network outputs one or more available intra-prediction modes. Further, the artificial neural network outputs match probabilities for one or more candidate intra-prediction modes, and each of the match probabilities for the candidate intra-prediction modes indicates a probability that the corresponding candidate intra-prediction mode matches the intra-prediction mode for the target block.

Abstract: A system and method for preventing hacking of blockchain is proposed.

Abstract: A magnetic transfer apparatus includes: a magnetomotive force source providing magnetic flux, a first magnetic flux distribution circuit connected to one end of the magnetomotive force source, having a single input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, and distributing the magnetic flux, and a second magnetic flux distribution circuit connected to the other end of the magnetomotive force source, having a single output terminal and a plurality of input terminals, and collecting the distributed magnetic flux. The output terminals of the first magnetic flux distribution circuit are disposed to be adjacent to each other to form a pair with the input terminals of the second magnetic flux distribution circuit.

Abstract: A deep neural network training accelerator includes an operational unit sequentially performing first and second operations on a plurality of input data of a sub-set according to a mini-batch gradient descent, a determination unit determining each of the input data as one of skip data and training data based on a confidence matrix obtained by the first operation, and a control unit controlling the operational unit to skip the second operation with respect to the skip data.

Abstract: Provided herein is a smoking article from which sound is generated. The smoking article according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a filter portion and a smoking material portion, and a sound-generating material including a carbohydrate material may be added to the smoking material portion. The sound-generating material may generate sound as the material burns, and the sound may further provide an auditory effect during smoking. In this way, an improved smoking experience may be provided to the smoker.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a first semiconductor layer on the substrate and including an oxide semiconductor, a first gate insulating film on the first semiconductor layer, a first conductive layer on the first gate insulating film, a first interlayer insulating film on the first conductive layer, and a second conductive layer on the first interlayer insulating film and connected to the first semiconductor layer through a through-hole. The through-hole includes a first through-hole passing through the first interlayer insulating film, and a second through-hole overlapping the first through-hole and passing through the first semiconductor layer. The second conductive layer is in contact with a side surface of the first semiconductor layer exposed at the second through-hole.

Abstract: Disclosed decoding method of the intra prediction mode comprises the steps of: determining whether an intra prediction mode of a present prediction unit is the same as a first candidate intra prediction mode or as a second candidate intra prediction mode on the basis of 1-bit information; and determining, among said first candidate intra prediction mode and said second candidate intra prediction mode, which candidate intra prediction mode is the same as the intra prediction mode of said present prediction unit on the basis of additional 1-bit information, if the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit is the same as at least either the first candidate intra prediction mode or the second candidate intra prediction mode, and decoding the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit.

Abstract: A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery in which lithium precipitation is suppressed. The negative electrode has a form in which a high degree of alignment of a carbon-based active material contained in a sliding portion of the negative electrode active layer is realized. Accordingly, the negative electrode has an excellent effect of suppressing lithium precipitation at the end of the negative electrode active layer during charging and discharging of the secondary battery, so that a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode has high safety and can be charged and discharged for a long time under high rate conditions. A lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mount control system and method for vehicles in which a camera of an electronically controlled suspension system with road preview photographs a road surface condition of a road ahead of a vehicle, a suspension controller determines a road surface state of the road based on photographed information of the camera, and a mount controller controls semi-active mounts to be in an on state or in an off state based on road surface state determination information transmitted from the suspension controller and values detected by wheel acceleration sensors mounted on wheels of the vehicle, so as to improve not only NVH performance but also driving vibration damping performance depending on the road surface state.

Abstract: A magnetic alignment device includes a first magnet part and a second magnet part, an alignment measuring part, and a control part. The first and second magnet parts accommodate an electrode sheet therebetween and the alignment measuring part measures an alignment of the carbon-based negative electrode active material with respect to the negative electrode current collector. The control part adjusts the separation distance of the first and second magnet parts based on a degree of the alignment of a carbon-based negative electrode active material. The alignment of the negative electrode active layer dried with the magnetically aligned carbon-based negative electrode active material is measured in real time, and the strength of the magnetic field can be controlled by individually adjusting the spacing distance of the unit magnets according to the alignment of the carbon-based negative electrode active material measured. A method of manufacturing the same is also provided.

Abstract: A release film including: a base film; and a release layer disposed on one surface of the base film, wherein the release layer is a cured layer of a release composition including a heterocyclic compound including nitrogen and polydimethylsiloxane, and when analyzing a surface using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the release layer has an atomic ratio of nitrogen (N) to silicon (Si) (N/Si) of 0.6 to 1.1.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; a transistor and a light emitting element, which are disposed on the display area; a pad portion disposed in the non-display area, where the pad portion includes a first metal pattern; and a printed circuit board or a data driver, which is connected with the pad portion. The transistor includes a semiconductor layer disposed on the substrate and a source electrode or a drain electrode which is electrically connected with the semiconductor layer. The source electrode or the drain electrode includes a first layer including a first metal, a second layer including a second metal, and a third layer including the first metal, where the first metal pattern includes the first metal, and is connected with the printed circuit board or the data driver.

Abstract: A substrate test apparatus is provided that can measure a dechucking force with high reliability. The substrate test apparatus includes an electrostatic chuck, a normal-force measuring unit disposed on the electrostatic chuck to be capable of pushing or pulling the substrate vertically, an electrostatic-chuck power supplying unit for applying a driving voltage and a first ground voltage to the electrostatic chuck, and a substrate power supplying unit for applying a second ground voltage to the substrate, wherein the substrate test apparatus performs steps including applying the driving voltage to the electrostatic chuck and charging the substrate by applying the second ground voltage to the substrate, subsequently discharging the substrate by applying the first ground voltage to the electrostatic chuck and by applying the second ground voltage to the substrate, and subsequently measuring a dechucking force of the substrate by pulling the substrate vertically by the normal-force measuring unit.