Abstract: A method for isolating proteins from prokaryotes is disclose. The method enables easy break down of bacterial cell walls to obtain intact proteins without damage by a simple process of adding organic solvents including lower alcohols or nitrile derivatives; or applying osmotic stimulation to samples containing pathogenic bacteria or the like. The method may be usefully applied to rapid and accurate identification of periplasmic proteins of gram-negative bacteria without additional purification process.

Abstract: An ion source element, an ion implanter having the ion source element and a method of modifying the ion source element are provided. In the ion source element, a chamber may have a cavity divided into a plurality of inner sections configured substantially perpendicularly to an axis defined through centers of ends of the cavity. The larger inner sections may be at, or near, a center of the cavity and become smaller toward the ends of the cavity. A filament may be disposed at one end of the chamber to emit thermal electrons. A repeller may extend into the chamber through the other end of the chamber. An inlet may be formed in a first cavity wall to introduce gas having a dopant species into the chamber. A beam slit may be formed in a second cavity wall, opposite the inlet, of the chamber to extract an ionized species of the gas from the chamber.

Abstract: An ion source element, an ion implanter having the ion source element and a method of modifying the ion source element are provided. In the ion source element, a chamber may have a cavity divided into a plurality of inner sections configured substantially perpendicularly to an axis defined through centers of ends of the cavity. The larger inner sections may be at, or near, a center of the cavity and become smaller toward the ends of the cavity. A filament may be disposed at one end of the chamber to emit thermal electrons. A repeller may extend into the chamber through the other end of the chamber. An inlet may be formed in a first cavity wall to introduce gas having a dopant species into the chamber. A beam slit may be formed in a second cavity wall, opposite the inlet, of the chamber to extract an ionized species of the gas from the chamber.