Abstract: Provided are a method for generating a summary and a system therefor. The method according to some embodiments may include calculating a likelihood loss for a summary model using a first text sample and a first summary sentence corresponding to the first text sample, calculating an unlikelihood loss for the summary model using a second text sample and the first summary sentence, the second text sample being a negative sample generated from the first text sample, and updating the summary model based on the likelihood loss and the unlikelihood loss.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, wherein the positive electrode active material is a lithium nickel-based compound particle having a Ni content of 75 mol % or more, and a difference in concentration of Al between the center and the surface in the lithium nickel-based compound particle is less than 1 mol %.

Abstract: An apparatus of decreasing intake air temperature of an engine includes: a first cooling circuit including a compressor, a condenser, a first expansion valve, and an evaporator disposed along a first cooling line through which refrigerant flows; a second cooling circuit including the compressor, the condenser, a second expansion valve, and a chiller disposed along a second cooling line through which the refrigerant flows; and a third cooling circuit including an electric water pump, the chiller, an intercooler, and a radiator disposed along a third cooling line through which coolant flows.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cleaner station including a first station with which a hand vacuum cleaner can be combined and a second station with which a robotic vacuum cleaner can be combined. The first station may include a first suction portion which sucks dust from a dust bin of the hand vacuum cleaner. The second station may include a second suction portion which sucks dust from a dust bin of the robotic vacuum cleaner. The cleaner station may include a dust inlet where the dust sucked by the first suction portion and the second suction portion is discharged. The cleaner station may include a dust storage box which communicates with the dust inlet and receives the dust sucked by the first suction portion and the second suction portion.

Abstract: The present exemplary embodiments relate to a positive electrode active material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. A positive active material for a lithium secondary battery according to an exemplary embodiment is a lithium metal oxide particle in the form of secondary particles including a plurality of primary particles: a first coating layer positioned on at least a part of the surface of the primary particle, and a second coating layer positioned over at least a portion of the secondary particle surface, the first coating layer comprising a first niobium compound, the second coating layer comprising the first niobium compound and a second niobium compound having a composition different from the first niobium compound.

Abstract: An engine system may include: an engine including a plurality of cylinders generating driving torque by combustion of fuel; a first exhaust manifold connected to some of cylinders of the plurality of cylinders; a second exhaust manifold connected to remaining cylinders of the plurality of cylinders; a turbocharger including a turbine rotated by exhaust gas that is exhausted from the first exhaust manifold and a compressor rotated together with the turbine and compressing air supplied to the cylinders; and an supercharger including a motor and an compressor operated by the motor in order to supply compressed air to the cylinders.

Abstract: An engine system may include an engine having an intake line flowing an intake gas supplied to the combustion chambers; an intake manifold; a throttle valve provided at a front of the intake manifold and controlling an air amount supplied to the combustion chamber; an electric supercharger provided at the throttle valve and including a motor and an electric compressor operated by the motor to supply the supercharged air to the combustion chamber; an exhaust gas processing device purifying an exhaust gas generated in the combustion chamber; and an exhaust gas recirculation device including a recirculation line branched from the downstream portion of the exhaust gas processing device and joined to the intake line of the upstream portion of the electric compressor, an EGR cooler mounted at the recirculation line, and an EGR valve mounted at a part where the recirculation line and the intake line are joined.

Abstract: An engine having a low pressure EGR system includes: an intake line suctioning outdoor air and transferring the outdoor air to a combustion chamber; a turbocharger actuated by exhaust gas which flows in an exhaust line to compress gas which flows in the intake line; a supercharger installed at a downstream side of the turbocharger; a low pressure EGR line branched at one side of the exhaust line and joined to an upstream side of the turbocharger to recirculate the exhaust gas; a recirculation line branched on the intake line at a downstream side of the supercharger and joined to the intake line at an upstream side of a point where the low EGR line and the intake line meet; and a control unit controlling the actuation of the supercharger. The control unit actuates the supercharger in the case of a coasting driving condition.

Abstract: An engine having a low pressure EGR system includes: an intake line suctioning outdoor air and transferring the outdoor air to a combustion chamber; a turbocharger actuated by exhaust gas which flows in an exhaust line to compress gas which flows in the intake line; a supercharger installed at a downstream side of the turbocharger; a low pressure EGR line branched at one side of the exhaust line and joined to an upstream side of the turbocharger to recirculate the exhaust gas; a recirculation line branched on the intake line at a downstream side of the supercharger and joined to the intake line at an upstream side of a point where the low EGR line and the intake line meet; and a control unit controlling the actuation of the supercharger. The control unit actuates the supercharger in the case of a coasting driving condition.

Abstract: An engine having a turbocharger may include an intake route control valve disposed on a first intake line that supplies outside air to an intake manifold, a second intake line bypassing the intake route control valve, a first exhaust line in which exhaust gas from an exhaust manifold flows, a second exhaust line bypassing an exhaust route control valve disposed on the first exhaust line to join the first exhaust line, a turbocharger operated by exhaust gas in the second exhaust line to compress intake air in the second intake line, and a first catalyst unit disposed at a downstream side of the exhaust route control valve on the first exhaust line. The first catalyst unit may include a first brick disposed at an upstream side and a second brick disposed at a downstream side of the first brick with a predetermined distance, and the second exhaust line joins the first exhaust line at a portion between the first brick and the second brick.

Abstract: A brake vacuum pressure forming device for a motor vehicle may include a vacuum chamber supplying a vacuum pressure boosting a break operating force, an electric supercharger connected to the vacuum chamber to supply vacuum pressure thereto, a first vacuum pressure supply path connecting the electric supercharger and the vacuum chamber, and a vacuum pressure control valve mounted on the first vacuum pressure supply path and opening and closing the first vacuum pressure supply path.

Abstract: A supercharging system for an engine includes: a cylinder block forming a combustion chamber; an intake manifold connected to the cylinder block to supply ambient air thereto; an exhaust manifold collecting exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber and guiding the same to the environment; a third supercharge path connecting an inlet of the intake manifold to the exhaust manifold; and an electric supercharger supplying compressed air to the exhaust manifold through the third supercharge path. Responsiveness of an engine is enhanced and stabilization of the engine is promoted.

Abstract: An exhaust gas combustion system advances exhaust timing by using an electric CVVT apparatus. The system may include: an air supply passage adapted to provide for passing air to be supplied to an engine; an exhaust manifold adapted to transmit exhaust gas of the engine to an exhaust passage; an air injection passage adapted to connect the air supply passage with the exhaust manifold so as to supply a part of air passing through the air supply passage to the exhaust manifold; and an air valve disposed at the air injection passage so as to selectively open or close the air injection passage. Unburned gas melded in exhaust gas may be combusted according to air supplied to the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electric continuous variable valve timing apparatus improves starting performance of an engine by a simplified phase control for the camshaft. The method, in which intake and exhaust timing of an engine is changed in accordance with a phase of the camshaft, may include: determining whether starting off of the engine is required during driving; recognizing a target phase of the camshaft for next starting of the engine; controlling the phase of the camshaft so that the intake timing of the engine is advanced in accordance with the target phase; and ending the phase control of the camshaft in accordance with a state of the engine or the camshaft.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for providing a tactile sensation for a virtual image are disclosed. The disclosed apparatus includes: a display unit for displaying an image including a virtual image; an image acquisition unit for acquiring an image of a user body; a determiner unit for determining whether or not a user attempts an interaction with the virtual image by using an image acquired by the image acquisition unit; a content analyzer unit for acquiring a time at which a virtual image is shown and position information of the shown virtual image from a displayed content; a tactile-sensation provider unit for providing a tactile sensation to a preset body part of the user based on a determination result of the determiner unit; and a tactile-sensation provision controller for adjusting an ejector nozzle of the tactile-sensation provider unit based on a virtual image showing time and position acquired by the content analyzer unit.

Abstract: A secondary air injection system supplying some of air introduced into an intake manifold to an exhaust manifold may include: an electric supercharger compressing air introduced through an air duct; throttle valves installed at an upstream of the intake manifold and controlling the amount of air introduced into the intake manifold by controlling the amount of air passing through the electric supercharger; secondary air valves installed on branching paths branched from intake, lines that link the electric supercharger and the throttle vales and controlling the amount of air for secondary air injection; and an injector that post-combusts exhaust gas discharged from an engine by injecting secondary air passing through the secondary air valve to a runner of the manifold.

Abstract: A method for controlling a robot cleaner includes: detecting a cleaning target space, setting a cleaning region within the detected cleaning space and cleaning the set cleaning region; if the set cleaning region is completely cleaned, moving to a not-yet-cleaned region adjacent to a cleaning completion spot of the cleaning region; and setting a new cleaning region in the not-yet-cleaned region and performing cleaning. Without repeating a cleaning region in the cleaning target space, the robot cleaner can extend its cleaning region, so the cleaning efficiency of the robot cleaner can be improved. Also, the robot cleaner can be smoothly enter a new cleaning target space or released therefrom. In particular, even when the entrance of the new cleaning target space is narrow, the robot cleaner can smoothly enter the new cleaning target space and gets out thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilized vitamin C derivative with a peptide molecule linked to vitamin C or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method of preparing the same, and a composition containing the same.

Abstract: A vision-based augmented reality system using an invisible marker indicates an invisible marker on a target object to be tracked, such that it can rapidly and correctly track the target object by detecting the invisible marker. The augmented reality system includes a target object including an infrared marker drawn by an invisible infrared light-emitting material; a visible-ray camera for capturing an image of the TO; an infrared-ray camera for capturing an image of the IM included in the TO image; an optical axis converter for allowing the infrared-ray camera and the visible-ray camera to have the same viewing point; an image processing system for rendering a prepared virtual image to the TO image to generate a new image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a computer-integrated surgery aid system for minimally invasive surgery and a method for controlling the same. The system includes a surgery planning system for creating three-dimensional information from two-dimensional images obtained by means of biplanar fluoroscopy so that spinal surgery can be planned according to the image information and a scalar-type 6 degree-of-freedom surgery aid robot adapted to be either driven automatically or operated manually.