Abstract: The present invention discloses a hair growth promoting agent comprising a cyclosporin derivative as an active ingredient, and more particularly, a hair growth promoting agent comprising a cyclosporin A derivative in which sarcosine is substituted with thiosarcosine in the 3-position as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition comprising a cyclosporin derivative having an excellent hair revitalizing activity as an active ingredient, and more particularly, a composition comprising cyclosporin 7-thioamide produced by chemical derivatization of cyclosporin as an active ingredient for promoting hair growth.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composition comprising a cyclosporin A derivative having an excellent hair revitalizing activity as an active ingredient, and more particularly, a composition comprising cyclosporin A 7-thioamide produced by chemical derivatization of cyclosporin A as an active ingredient for promoting hair growth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hair growth promoting agent including a cyclosporin derivative as an active ingredient, and more particularly, a hair growth promoting agent including a cyclosporin A derivative substituted in the 3-position as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A flash memory device and fabricating method thereof. The fabricating method comprises the steps of: forming a floating gate oxide film on a silicon substrate, forming a floating gate on the floating gate oxide film, forming a control gate oxide film on the floating gate, forming a control gate including slant side surfaces on the control gate oxide film; and the flash memory device comprises: a floating gate oxide film formed on a silicon substrate, a floating gate formed on the floating gate oxide film, a control gate oxide film formed on the floating gate, and a control gate formed on the control gate oxide film and including slant side surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transistor of a semiconductor and a method of fabricating the same. In the method, the dual gate electrode may have different widths and is formed using a damascene process. The dual gate electrode is formed using a stacked upper having a first gate electrode and a second gate electrode. The second gate electrode may have a broader width than the lower first gate electrode.

Abstract: A method of crystallizing amorphous silicon includes forming an amorphous silicon layer over a substrate, forming a plurality of metal clusters on the amorphous silicon layer, and simultaneously applying a thermal treatment, an electric field, and a magnetic field to crystallize the amorphous silicon layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for treating alopecia and stimulating hair growth and pharmaceutical compositions using nonimmunosuppressive [&ggr;-hydroxy-methylleucine4] cyclosporin A having superior hair growth-promoting effect, wherein the hydroxyl group is added to the carbon position of No. 4 methylleucine of cyclosporin A by the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hair growth promoter comprising [&ggr;-hydroxy-N-methyl-L-leucine9] cyclosporin A, in which a hydroxy group is added to a &ggr; carbon of N-methyl-L-leucine at No. 9 position in cyclosporin A by metabolic action of a microorganism, as an active ingredient.

Abstract: In order to measure a width of a wire a measuring pattern for the width of the wire is prepared. The measuring pattern includes: a first pattern with a first width; a second pattern connected to the first pattern and having a second width wider than the first width; and a third pattern connected to the second pattern and having a third width narrower than the first width. The first pattern, the second pattern and the third pattern are made of same material. The first pattern through a power source is connected to the third pattern. A first pair of probes are disposed on the first pattern and then are connected to a first voltmeter. A distance between the first pair of probes is a first distance wider than the first width. A second pair of probes are disposed on the second pattern and then are connected to a second voltmeter. A distance between the second pair of probes is a second distance wider than the first width.

Abstract: A technique for configuring a network interface circuit, capable of being commonly used in all countries or networks which have different ISDN protocols, with only one BRI trunk includes the steps of: first storing beforehand in a read only memory (ROM) of the network interface circuit all function programs for supporting an integrated services digital network protocol for each country and network which will be used by the keyphone system, selecting a function program from among the function programs stored in the ROM corresponding the country and kind of network to be operated upon initialization, and setting the selected program, as the function program to be executed.

Abstract: A technique for configuring a network interface circuit capable of being commonly used in all countries or networks which have different ISDN protocols, with only one BRI trunk includes the steps of: first storing beforehand in a read only memory (ROM) of the network interface circuit all function programs for supporting an integrated services digital network protocol for each country and network which will be used by the keyphone system, selecting a function program from among the function programs stored in the ROM corresponding the country and kind of network to be operated upon initialization, and setting the selected program, as the function program to be executed.

Abstract: A method of crystallizing amorphous silicon includes forming an amorphous silicon layer over a substrate, forming a plurality of metal clusters on the amorphous silicon layer, and simultaneously applying a thermal treatment, an electric field, and a magnetic field to crystallize the amorphous silicon layer.

Abstract: In order to measure a width of a wire a measuring pattern for the width of the wire is prepared. The measuring pattern includes: a first pattern with a first width; a second pattern connected to the first pattern and having a second width wider than the first width; and a third pattern connected to the second pattern and having a third width narrower than the first width. The first pattern, the second pattern and the third pattern are made of same material. The first pattern through a power source is connected to the third pattern. A first pair of probes are disposed on the first pattern and then are connected to a first voltmeter. A distance between the first pair of probes is a first distance wider than the first width. A second pair of probes are disposed on the second pattern and then are connected to a second voltmeter. A distance between the second pair of probes is a second distance wider than the first width.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a ceramide-like compound having properties of the natural ceramides, and a method for producing the same, and a cosmetic composition containing the same as a active ingredient.

Abstract: An encoded video signal is decoded to obtain a decoded video signal, wherein the decoded video signal includes a previous and a current frames and is processed an a macroblock-by-macroblock basis, each frame's data containing pixel values, by deriving a set of quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients corresponding to current frame data and converting the set of quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients into a set of discrete cosine transform coefficients. Thereafter, depending on the complexity of the current frame data detected, high frequency components of the set of discrete cosine transform coefficients within a preset region are filtered based on the set of discrete cosine transform coefficients and the complexity of the current frame data, to thereby produce a set of filtered discrete cosine transform coefficients.

Abstract: An image frame signal encoding method encodes a shape signal of an object in the digital image frame signal and decodes the encoded shape signal to provide a reconstructed shape signal and converts background pixel values in the digital image frame signal to extension values to thereby provide an extension image frame signal. And an image frame signal encoding method detects object blocks including one or more reconstructed object pixels therein and encodes a smallest process block having a dimension of L.times.L pixels and including all the reconstructed object pixels within each object block.

Abstract: A video signal encoding system, for encoding a video signal to provide an encoded signal, includes a transform coder for encoding the video signal on a block-by-block basis to generate blocks of transform coefficients, wherein the video signal includes a multiplicity of frames, each frame having blocks of pixels. A quantizer employed in the video signal encoding system comprises a quantization parameter deciding block; a quantizer control block for deciding a quantization mode signal which represents an activity of the video signal; and a quantizer which classifies transform coefficients included in each block into high frequency coefficients and low frequency coefficients based on the quantization mode signal, modifies the high frequency coefficients, to thereby provide blocks of modified transform coefficient, and quantizes the blocks of modified transform coefficients by using the quantization parameter.

Abstract: An apparatus generates chrominance shape information based on luminance shape information represented by binary values, to thereby describe an object in a video object plane effectively. The apparatus divides the luminance shape information into a multiplicity of sample blocks, a sample block including 2.times.2 pixels, and determines, for each sample block, a chrominance value based on all logic values in a sample block. The chrominance shape information is produced in a form of a matrix based on the chrominance values for all sample blocks.

Abstract: An encoding system employing a novel perceptual spectrum difference estimation device improves the coding efficiency and audio quality of a digitized audio signal.