Abstract: In an embodiment of the present invention, a proton conductive oxide fuel cell comprising an electrode substrate, a proton conductive oxide electrolyte layer positioned on the electrode substrate, a proton conductive oxide reaction prevention layer positioned on the electrolyte layer, and a proton conductive oxide air electrode layer positioned on the reaction prevention layer, wherein the reaction prevention layer is composed of ABO3-? structured perovskite proton conductive oxide, may be provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a row decoder, a plurality of page buffers, and a voltage switching circuit. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory cells. The row decoder is connected to the memory cell array through word lines. The plurality of page buffers are connected to the memory cell array through bit lines. The voltage switching circuit decodes an operation voltage and transmits the decoded operation voltage to the row decoder. The plurality of page buffers are formed in a first under cell region among first and second under cell regions, the first and second under cell regions being adjacent to each other in a first direction under the memory cell array. At least a portion of the voltage switching circuit is formed in an under slim region that is adjacent to the first under cell region and the second under cell region in a second direction.

Abstract: A service identifying and processing method using a wireless terminal message according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes (a) receiving a wireless terminal message by a first entity which is a mobile device; and (b) expressing, by a first agent which is an information processing application program installed on the first entity, entity information of second entity based on the wireless terminal message and service confirmation information related to service provided by the second entity, through an application screen by the first agent.

Abstract: A vehicle cooling/heating system includes a coolant line in which coolant is circulated between a heat source component of a vehicle that provides waste heat and a chiller and a refrigerant line in which refrigerant is circulated through a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The refrigerant line performs indoor cooling through the evaporator. A controller controls the coolant line such that, during a drying mode in which it is necessary to dry the evaporator, the coolant in the coolant line is circulated or not circulated through the heat source component and the chiller, and such that the refrigerant in the refrigerant line flows, in order, through the compressor, the evaporator, and the chiller.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying food ingredients according to the present disclosure includes a food ingredient lifting part configured to separate and move upward a food ingredient stack from a food ingredient cassette on which food ingredients including a plurality of stacked food ingredients are seated, a food ingredient separation part configured to suck and move upward a single sheet of a food ingredient from the food ingredient stack moved upward by the food ingredient lifting part, and a horizontal movement part configured to transfer forward the single sheet of the food ingredient moved upward by the food ingredient separation part.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing edible food products according to the present disclosure includes a first food ingredient supply apparatus configured to separate a single sheet of a first food ingredient from a first food ingredient stack including a plurality of stacked first food ingredients and supply the single sheet of first food ingredient, a second food ingredient supply apparatus configured to separate a single sheet of a second food ingredient from a second food ingredient stack including a plurality of stacked second food ingredients and supply the single sheet of second food ingredient, and a pressing device configured to form an edible food product by pressing a semi-finished product formed by seating the supplied single sheet of the first food ingredient on the supplied single sheet of the second food ingredient.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery has a mixture of microparticles having a predetermined average particle size (D50) and macroparticles having a larger average particle size (D50) than the microparticles. The microparticles have the average particle size (D50) of 1 to 10 ?m and are at least one selected from the group consisting of particles having a carbon material coating layer on all or part of a surface of primary macroparticles having an average particle size (D50) of 1 ?m or more, particles having a carbon material coating layer on all or part of a surface of secondary particles formed by agglomeration of the primary macroparticles, and a mixture thereof. The macroparticles are secondary particles having an average particle size (D50) of 5 to 20 ?m formed by agglomeration of primary microparticles having a smaller average particle size (D50) than the primary macroparticles.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a cutting roller including a cutting body having a cylindrical shape and configured to rotate about an axis defined in a leftward/rightward direction, and cutting blades protruding outward in a radial direction of the cutting body further than a surface of the cutting body to cut an edible food product provided in a forward/rearward direction, and a cutting base part disposed at a position facing the cutting roller based on the edible food product to support the edible food product to be cut by the cutting roller.

Abstract: A camera module of an embodiment may comprise: a first holder in which a filter is mounted; a lens barrel that is provided to be vertically movable in a first direction with respect to the first holder; a lens operating device that comprises a terminal and moves the lens barrel in the first direction; a first circuit board that is disposed under the first holder and on which an image sensor is mounted; a soldering portion for electrically connecting the terminal of the lens operating device to the first circuit board; and a coupling reinforcement portion that is disposed to face the soldering portion and couples the lens operating device and the first circuit board.

Abstract: The present application relates to molded rice with toasted exterior and a method for preparing the same. The molded rice of the present application undergoes a baking to have the exterior that looks toasted and has a unique flavor. Moreover, the molded rice of the present application has a firm and crunchy exterior akin to toasted rice, while being moist inside. Additionally, the molded rice of the present application has an outer of fried rice containing ingredients to exhibit the ingredient texture and has very excellent molding stability by maintaining the shape of the molded rice even after molding and cooking.

Abstract: The present application relates to a processed food distributable at room temperature comprising (a) a first food part comprising a paste, a leafy vegetable, or a combination thereof; and (b) a second food part comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a meat, a seaweed, a seafood, a root vegetable, a fruit vegetable, and a mushroom, wherein the first and second food parts are separately packaged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frozen cooked rice including a molded cooked rice and a moisture transfer preventing layer formed on at least a part of the surface of the molded cooked rice, in which after the frozen cooked rice is defrosted under conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure for 1 day, the difference between the moisture content of the surface of the frozen cooked rice and the moisture content of a deep part of the frozen cooked rice is 5 wt% or more based on the total weight of the frozen cooked rice, and a method for preparing a frozen cooked rice, the method including forming a moisture transfer preventing layer on at least a part of the surface of a molded cooked rice, hardening the at least a part of the surface of the molded cooked rice on which the moisture transfer preventing layer is formed, and freezing the hardened molded cooked rice.

Abstract: A frozen food product according to the present application comprises: a frozen food; a food container having formed therein an inner space for accommodating the frozen food and formed of an edible material; and a packaging material including a first packaging material surrounding the frozen food and disposed between the food container and the frozen food, and a second packaging material surrounding the food container, in order to prevent moisture from being transferred to the food container, wherein the packaging material generates heat by means of microwaves.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, a row decoder, a plurality of page buffers, and a voltage switching circuit. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory cells. The row decoder is connected to the memory cell array through word lines, The plurality of page buffers are connected to the memory cell array through bit lines. The voltage switching circuit decodes an operation voltage and transmits the decoded operation voltage to the row decoder. The plurality of page buffers are formed in a first under cell region among first and second under cell regions, the first and second under cell regions being adjacent to each other in a first direction under the memory cell array. At least a portion of the voltage switching circuit is formed in an under slim region that is adjacent to the first under cell region and the second under cell region in a second direction.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for preparing processed food by means of a frozen block and processed food prepared by means of same.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for producing food material for retorting, and to food material for retorting produced by the method, the method comprising: a curing step for mixing one or more base material, selected from the group consisting of meat and seafood, with a curing agent containing phosphate and starch, and curing; and a step for heating and sterilizing the base material by heating at the temperature of 110-130° C. for 10-60 minutes.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for sterilizing processed foods which effectively kills fungi, yeast, pathogenic bacteria, and sporogenic heat-resistant microorganisms by using a retort sterilization treatment comprising a microwave heating pretreatment while still maintaining the intrinsic texture of vegetables, meat and seafood and the flavors of aromatic vegetables, such as red pepper, garlic, ginger, etc. compared to conventional sterilization methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable pipe outer diameter-chamfering apparatus characterized in that a vertical fixing plate is fixed to the outside of the vertical plate, a horizontal fixing plate is fixed in an orthogonal direction to the tip of the vertical fixing plate, a rectangular link with one open side is coupled to move upward and downward along the vertical fixing plate, a pair of circumscribing rollers, each of the pair of circumscribing rollers being installed on either end portion of the rectangular link with one open side, respectively, the rectangular link with one open side moves up and down along the vertical fixing plate, a moving body is installed in the horizontal fixing plate, the moving body moves up and down, and an inscribing roller which is in close contact with an inside of the pipe is installed on the moving body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable pipe outer diameter-chamfering apparatus with improved weldability characterized in that a vertical fixing plate is fixed to the outside of the vertical plate, a horizontal fixing plate is fixed in an orthogonal direction to the tip of the vertical fixing plate, a ? shaped link is coupled to move upward and downward along the vertical fixing plate, a circumscribing roller which is in close contact with an outside of a pipe are installed on the tip of the ? shaped link on either side, the ? shaped link moves up and down along the vertical fixing plate by a circumscribing roller adjustment screw installed on the horizontal fixing plate, a moving body is installed in the horizontal fixing plate, the moving body moves up and down by an inscribing roller adjustment screw installed on the horizontal fixing plate, and an inscribing roller which is in close contact with an inside of the pipe and a pressing force of which is adjusted by a spring is installed on the moving bo

Abstract: Provided is a method for digital rights management of a compressed file created by compressing one or more original files.