Abstract: A blankmask for EUV lithography includes a substrate, a reflective layer, a capping layer, and a phase shift layer. The phase shift layer is made of a material containing ruthenium (Ru) and chromium (Cr), and a total content of ruthenium (Ru) and chromium (Cr) is 50 to 100 at %. The phase shift layer may further contain boron (B) or nitrogen (N). The phase shift layer of the present invention has a high relative reflectance (relative reflectance with respect to a reflectance of the reflective layer under the phase shift layer) with respect to a tantalum (Ta)-based phase shift layer and has a phase shift amount of 170 to 230°. It is possible to obtain excellent resolution when finally manufacturing a pattern of 7 nm or less by using a photomask manufactured using such a blankmask.

Abstract: A wafer manufacturing method, an epitaxial wafer manufacturing method, and a wafer and epitaxial wafer manufactured thereby, are provided. The wafer manufacturing method enables the manufacture of a wafer with a low density of micropipe defects and minimum numbers of particles and scratches. The epitaxial wafer manufacturing method enables the manufacture of an epitaxial wafer that has low densities of defects such as downfall, triangular, and carrot defects, exhibits excellent device characteristics, and improves the yield of devices.

Abstract: A battery pack is advantageous for effective control and maintenance of thermal events. A battery pack according to one aspect of the present disclosure may include a battery module having one or more battery cells; a fire extinguishing tank holding a fire extinguishing liquid, disposed on top of the battery module and having a through hole formed therein; and a cover member installed in the through hole of the fire extinguishing tank and configured to open or close the through hole according to a change in internal pressure of the fire extinguishing tank.

Abstract: Methods and systems for executing tracking and monitoring manufacturing data of a battery are disclosed. One method includes: receiving, by a server system, sensing data of the battery from a sensing system; generating, by the server system, mapping data based on the sensing data; generating, by the server system, identification data of the battery based on the sensing data; generating, by the server system, monitoring data of the battery based on the sensing data, the identification data, and the mapping data; and generating, by the server system, display data for displaying a simulated electrode of the battery on a graphical user interface based on the monitoring data of the battery.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of depositing a transition metal single-atom catalyst including preparing a carbon carrier, and depositing a transition metal single-atom catalyst on the carbon carrier, in which the carbon carrier is surface-treated by an oxidation process, and wherein the deposition is carried out by an arc plasma process.

Abstract: A wafer manufacturing method, an epitaxial wafer manufacturing method, and a wafer and epitaxial wafer manufactured thereby, are provided. The wafer manufacturing method enables the manufacture of a wafer with a low density of micropipe defects and minimum numbers of particles and scratches. The epitaxial wafer manufacturing method enables the manufacture of an epitaxial wafer that has low densities of defects such as downfall, triangular, and carrot defects, exhibits excellent device characteristics, and improves the yield of devices.

Abstract: Provided are a transmitter and a method for transmitting a data block in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the following steps: deciding the number of bits (s) and encoders (NES) to allocate to one axis of a signal constellation; encoding an information bit based on the s and the NES and generating a coded block; parsing the coded block based on the s and the NES and generating a plurality of frequency sub-blocks; and transmitting the plurality of frequency sub-blocks to a receiver.

Abstract: Provided are a multi-layer ceramic battery and a method thereof. The method includes: forming a pair of conductive terminal layers to partly cover one side and the other side of a battery body; forming an outer insulating coating layer to cover the surface of the battery body and each surface of the pair of conductive terminal layers; forming a pair of insulating coating windows by polishing the outer insulating coating layer to expose the surfaces of the conductive terminal layers formed at the ends of the one side and the other side of the battery body; forming a pair of inner plating layers to connect to the surfaces of the conductive terminal layers exposed through the insulating coating windows and partly cover one side and the other side of the outer insulating coating layer; and forming a pair of outer plating layers to cover the inner plating layers.

Abstract: Provided is a high-capacity SMD-type all-solid-state battery comprising: a stacked press body; a first external electrode formed on one side of the stacked press body; and a second external electrode formed on the other side of the stacked press body, wherein the stacked press body includes: a plurality of positive electrode sheets sequentially stacked and pressed so that an end of one side of each is connected to the first external electrode; a plurality of negative electrode sheets positioned between the positive electrode sheets crosswise with respect to the positive electrode sheets, and sequentially stacked and pressed so that an end of the other side of each is connected to the second external electrode; and a plurality of electrolyte sheets positioned between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets and sequentially stacked and pressed.

Abstract: Provided is a high-capacity SMD-type all-solid-state battery comprising: a stacked press body; a first external electrode formed on one side of the stacked press body; and a second external electrode formed on the other side of the stacked press body, wherein the stacked press body includes: a plurality of positive electrode sheets sequentially stacked and pressed so that an end of one side of each is connected to the first external electrode; a plurality of negative electrode sheets positioned between the positive electrode sheets crosswise with respect to the positive electrode sheets, and sequentially stacked and pressed so that an end of the other side of each is connected to the second external electrode; and a plurality of electrolyte sheets positioned between the positive electrode sheets and the negative electrode sheets and sequentially stacked and pressed.

Abstract: Provided is a battery and capacitor hybrid assembly structure includes a cylindrical metal casing, a circular metal cover plate connected to a top end periphery of the cylindrical metal casing by means of an insulation ring to seal an interior of the cylindrical metal casing, a capacitor disposed inside the cylindrical metal casing, a battery disposed inside the cylindrical metal casing in such a manner as to be placed above the capacitor, and an insulating and sealing member for enclosing the capacitor so that the capacitor is sealed inside the cylindrical metal casing.

Abstract: A printed circuit board assembly includes a printed circuit board and a coupler. The printed circuit board has a base part, a first extension part, and a second extension part. The first extension part and the second extension part are disposed on opposite sides of the base part. The first extension part is separated from the base part by a first curved part and the second extension part is separated from the base part by a second curved part. The coupler is mounted between the first extension part and the second extension part. The coupler prevents the first extension part and the second extension part from approaching each other.

Abstract: Provided is a battery and capacitor hybrid assembly structure includes a cylindrical metal casing, a circular metal cover plate connected to a top end periphery of the cylindrical metal casing by means of an insulation ring to seal an interior of the cylindrical metal casing, a capacitor disposed inside the cylindrical metal casing, a battery disposed inside the cylindrical metal casing in such a manner as to be placed above the capacitor, and an insulating and sealing member for enclosing the capacitor so that the capacitor is sealed inside the cylindrical metal casing.

Abstract: Provided is a high capacity energy storage capacitor including: a cathode; and an anode arranged to face the cathode, wherein the cathode includes a current collector and a cathode material layer formed by applying a cathode material on one side or the other side of the current collector, and the anode includes a current collector an anode material layer formed by applying an anode material on one side or the other side of the current collector, wherein the cathode material is formed by mixing 70 to 99 wt % of nano-perforated graphene coating cathode active material and 1 to 30 wt % of nano-perforated graphene granular body, and the anode material is formed by mixing 70 to 95 wt % of nano-perforated graphene coating anode active material and 5 to 30 wt % of nano-perforated graphene granular body.

Abstract: Provided is a high capacity energy storage capacitor including: a cathode; and an anode arranged to face the cathode, wherein the cathode includes a current collector and a cathode material layer formed by applying a cathode material on one side or the other side of the current collector, and the anode includes a current collector an anode material layer formed by applying an anode material on one side or the other side of the current collector, wherein the cathode material is formed by mixing 70 to 99 wt % of nano-perforated graphene coating cathode active material and 1 to 30 wt % of nano-perforated graphene granular body, and the anode material is formed by mixing 70 to 95 wt % of nano-perforated graphene coating anode active material and 5 to 30 wt % of nano-perforated graphene granular body.

Abstract: An exhaust system structure includes an exhaust manifold discharging exhaust gas through at least one runner towards an exhaust pipe. A front pipe is connected to a front end of the exhaust pipe. A collector connects the at least one runner and the front pipe. The collector comprises at least one inlet communicating with an exit of the at least one runner. An outlet communicates with the front pipe such that the outlet discharges the exhaust gas into the front pipe through the at least one inlet. An extended portion has a radius greater than or equal to that of the exit of the at least one runner.

Abstract: An exhaust system structure includes an exhaust manifold discharging exhaust gas through at least one runner towards an exhaust pipe. A front pipe is connected to a front end of the exhaust pipe. A collector connects the at least one runner and the front pipe. The collector comprises at least one inlet communicating with an exit of the at least one runner. An outlet communicates with the front pipe such that the outlet discharges the exhaust gas into the front pipe through the at least one inlet. An extended portion has a radius greater than or equal to that of the exit of the at least one runner.

Abstract: An audio signal processing apparatus and method for processing an audio signal are provided. The audio signal processing apparatus includes a signal detector configured to detect a long-term envelope and a short-term envelope of a lower range signal of an input signal, and a controller configured to control a gain in a beat section of the input signal, wherein the beat section is determined based on the detected long-term envelope and the short-term envelope of the lower range signal.

Abstract: An audio signal processing apparatus and method for processing an audio signal are provided. The audio signal processing apparatus includes a signal detector configured to detect a long-term envelope and a short-term envelope of a lower range signal of an input signal, and a controller configured to control a gain in a beat section of the input signal, wherein the beat section is determined based on the detected long-term envelope and the short-term envelope of the lower range signal.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for providing caller identification information by a caller's mobile phone. When there is a request, by a caller, for an addition of a word or phrase after an input of a call recipient's phone number, a caller's mobile phone receives an input of the word or phrase from the caller. When the caller inputs a request for making an outgoing call, the caller's mobile phone generates an outgoing call message, which includes a caller's phone number, the call recipient's phone number, and an input word or phrase, and sending the generated outgoing call message to the recipient's mobile phone.