Abstract: Provided is a low-complexity and low-power-consumption turbo decoder with a variable scaling factor. The performance of the turbo decoder is enhanced by evaluating a decoding convergence degree of the turbo decoder using a sign difference ratio (SDR) value, limiting the iterative-decoding number, and calculating and applying a variable scaling factor producing optimal performance in each decoding convergence area based on the SDR value, and power consumption is reduced by reducing the average number of decoding iterations. Thus, the performance degradation when the encoded block is large, which is a shortcoming of a conventional EMLMAP algorithm, can be prevented, the average number of decoding iterations can be reduced, and accordingly power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: A chip-type inductor comprising includes internal magnetic material, external magnetic material disposed on opposing sides of the internal magnetic material, and a conductor formed in a space between the internal and external magnetic material. The internal and external magnetic materials form a magnetic path along which magnetic flux of a magnetic field produced by current flowing along the conductor flows. According to at least one embodiment, the flow cross-sectional area of the magnetic flux in the internal magnetic material is at least substantially equal to a sum of the flow cross-sectional areas in the external magnetic materials.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for efficiently computing a log likelihood ratio (LLR) using the maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithm known as block combining. The method includes the steps of: calculating alpha values, beta values and gamma values of at least two time sections; calculating transition probabilities of respective states in the at least two time sections; performing a cormparison operation for some of the transition probabilities to determine the highest value, selecting one of the other transition probabilities according to the determined high value, comparing the determined value with the selected value to select the higher value, and thereby obtaining the highest of the transition probabilities; and determining an operation to apply according to the highest transition probability and calculating an LLR.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (“TFT”) substrate includes a gate line formed on a base substrate, a data line insulated from the gate line, and a TFT formed at the intersection between the gate line and the data line. A line width of the gate line is greater than a line width of the data line. The data line includes a first data line insulated from and intersected with the gate line and a second data line intersecting the first data line and having an end electrically connected to the data line. Further, a drain electrode of the TFT is spaced apart from the data line by a predetermined interval. A display device comprising the TFT substrate and a method of fabricating the TFT substrate are also disclosed. Thus, the present invention can be prepared against the misalignment due to the expansion or shrinkage of the substrate during the process of fabricating the LCD device using a flexible substrate.

Abstract: A circuit for driving a light emitting device and a matrix-type display panel employing the same are provided. The circuit for driving a light emitting device having a first pole and a second pole opposite to the first pole includes a diode, which includes a first pole to which a predetermined data signal is applied and a second pole which is opposite to the first pole and is connected to the first pole of the light emitting device, and a capacitor, which includes a first terminal connected to a contact point between the first pole of the light emitting device and the second pole of the diode and a second terminal to which a predetermined control signal is applied.