Abstract: A high-voltage battery control apparatus includes a plurality of high-voltage battery controllers configured to respectively monitor states of a plurality of high-voltage batteries included in one high-voltage battery pack depending on a predetermined period for monitoring the high-voltage battery pack, wherein the high-voltage battery controllers are configured to transition state of the plurality of high-voltage battery controllers together to an end state when a high-voltage battery controller among the high-voltage battery controllers, which has completed a monitoring operation, first waits until all monitoring operations of the high-voltage battery controllers that have not yet completed monitoring operations are completed and then all the monitoring operations of the high-voltage battery controllers are completed.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorine-doped tin oxide support, a platinum catalyst for a fuel cell having the same, and a method for producing the same. Also described is a high electrical conductivity and electrochemical durability by doping fluorine to the tin oxide-based support through an electrospinning process. Thus, while resolving a degradation issue of the carbon support in the conventional commercially available platinum/carbon (Pt/C) catalyst, what is designed is to minimize an electrochemical elution of dopant or tin, which is a limitation of the tin oxide support itself and has excellent performance as a catalyst for a fuel cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are a power relay assembly (PRA) deterioration control system for vehicles capable of predicting breakdown of the PRA and actively controlling deterioration of the PRA using big data and a PRA deterioration control method thereof. The PRA deterioration control system includes a vehicle configured to transmit PRA and battery information and a server configured to collect the PRA and battery information of the vehicle and to transmit output control information for PRA deterioration control to the vehicle, wherein, upon collecting the PRA and battery information of the vehicle, the server groups the collected information, sets a monitoring step by vehicle based on the grouped information, performs monitoring by vehicle in response to the set monitoring step by vehicle, and transmits output control information by vehicle corresponding to the result of monitoring to the vehicle such that each vehicle performs PRA deterioration control.

Abstract: A system for managing a battery of a vehicle includes a first controller configured to control a power-on (IG ON) state and a power-off (IG OFF) state of a plurality of controllers in the vehicle and to be periodically woken up in the power-off (IG OFF) state to wake up at least some of the plurality of controllers, and a second controller configured to turn off a main relay connecting a first battery in the vehicle and a vehicle system when the power-off (IG OFF) state begins, to monitor a state of the first battery storing energy for generating power of the vehicle by maintaining power during a preset first reference time, to be woken up at a wake-up period of the first controller when the first reference time elapses, and to monitor the state of the first battery.

Abstract: A system for managing a battery of a vehicle includes a battery, a main relay connected to the battery to transfer or block power of the battery to components in the vehicle, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the components in the vehicle to be in a power-off (IG OFF) state and turning off the main relay when receiving a vehicle power-off input, and to determine whether or not the battery is abnormal by calculating a parameter for determining a state of the battery and comparing the calculated parameter with a plurality of reference values that are preset.

Abstract: A system for managing a battery of a vehicle includes a first controller configured to control a power-on (IG ON) state and a power-off (IG OFF) state of a plurality of controllers in the vehicle and to be periodically woken up in the power-off (IG OFF) state to wake up at least some of the plurality of controllers, and a second controller configured to turn off a main relay connecting a first battery in the vehicle and a vehicle system when the power-off (IG OFF) state begins, to monitor a state of the first battery storing energy for generating power of the vehicle by maintaining power during a preset first reference time, to be woken up at a wake-up period of the first controller when the first reference time elapses, and to monitor the state of the first battery.

Abstract: A system for managing a battery of a vehicle includes a battery, a main relay connected to the battery to transfer or block power of the battery to components in the vehicle, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the components in the vehicle to be in a power-off (IG OFF) state and turning off the main relay when receiving a vehicle power-off input, and to determine whether or not the battery is abnormal by calculating a parameter for determining a state of the battery and comparing the calculated parameter with a plurality of reference values that are preset.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel in which a display region in which a plurality of touch blocks are arranged and a non-display region around the display region are defined, wherein the liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other and a polarizer attached to an outer surface of the first substrate, and a touch electrode is provided in each of the plurality of touch blocks; and a cover window attached to an outer surface of the polarizer through an adhesive layer, wherein the cover window has a size greater than that of the display region and smaller than or equal to that of the first substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a power relay assembly (PRA) deterioration control system for vehicles capable of predicting breakdown of the PRA and actively controlling deterioration of the PRA using big data and a PRA deterioration control method thereof. The PRA deterioration control system includes a vehicle configured to transmit PRA and battery information and a server configured to collect the PRA and battery information of the vehicle and to transmit output control information for PRA deterioration control to the vehicle, wherein, upon collecting the PRA and battery information of the vehicle, the server groups the collected information, sets a monitoring step by vehicle based on the grouped information, performs monitoring by vehicle in response to the set monitoring step by vehicle, and transmits output control information by vehicle corresponding to the result of monitoring to the vehicle such that each vehicle performs PRA deterioration control.

Abstract: A method of controlling a battery system having a battery unit and a controller, the method including checking, by the controller, a voltage deviation between a plurality of battery modules of the battery unit, and, when a voltage deviation between the plurality of battery modules is greater than a preset reference value, performing, by the controller, voltage balancing via energy movement between the battery modules by controlling a plurality of first relays to be selectively closed and controlling a plurality of second relays to be opened.

Abstract: A method of controlling a battery system having a battery unit and a controller, the method including checking, by the controller, a voltage deviation between a plurality of battery modules of the battery unit, and, when a voltage deviation between the plurality of battery modules is greater than a preset reference value, performing, by the controller, voltage balancing via energy movement between the battery modules by controlling a plurality of first relays to be selectively closed and controlling a plurality of second relays to be opened.

Abstract: A battery charging system includes a battery, a charging equipment that charges the battery, a charge switch unit that determines an electrical connection between the battery and the charging equipment, a capacitor electrically connected in parallel between the battery and the charge switch unit, and a controller that determines whether an ignition of a vehicle is turned off or charging of the battery is completed, to determine whether the charge switch unit is fused by comparing a discharge rate of the capacitor and a preset first reference value after the charge switch unit is turned on/off when the ignition is turned off, and to determine whether a high voltage remains at an output terminal of the charging equipment by comparing a voltage of the capacitor and a preset second reference value after the charge switch unit is turned off when the charging is completed.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery unit and a controller. The battery unit has a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of first relays and a plurality of second relays. Each battery module has a plurality of unit cells that are connected in series. The plurality of first relays are connected between the same polarity terminals between the plurality of battery modules and configured to allow parallel connection between the plurality of battery modules upon being closed. The plurality of second relays are connected between different-polarity terminals of the plurality of battery modules and configured to allow series connection between the plurality of battery modules upon being closed. The controller of the battery system is configured to control the closed/open state of the plurality of first relays and the plurality of second relays based on a voltage deviation between the plurality of battery modules.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an error of cell balancing in a cell balancing circuit constantly maintaining a plurality of cell voltages of a battery includes a first step of calculating a cell balancing residual time through a cell balancing required time and a cell balancing performing time in a previous driving, a second step of confirming a cell balancing required time in a current driving after the first step, a third step of calculating a time deviation between the cell balancing required time of the second step and the cell balancing residual time of the first step, and a fourth step of deciding whether or not the error has occurred through the time deviation calculated in the third step.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel in which a display region in which a plurality of touch blocks are arranged and a non-display region around the display region are defined, wherein the liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other and a polarizer attached to an outer surface of the first substrate, and a touch electrode is provided in each of the plurality of touch blocks; and a cover window attached to an outer surface of the polarizer through an adhesive layer, wherein the cover window has a size greater than that of the display region and smaller than or equal to that of the first substrate.

Abstract: A battery charging system includes a battery, a charging equipment that charges the battery, a charge switch unit that determines an electrical connection between the battery and the charging equipment, a capacitor electrically connected in parallel between the battery and the charge switch unit, and a controller that determines whether an ignition of a vehicle is turned off or charging of the battery is completed, to determine whether the charge switch unit is fused by comparing a discharge rate of the capacitor and a preset first reference value after the charge switch unit is turned on/off when the ignition is turned off, and to determine whether a high voltage remains at an output terminal of the charging equipment by comparing a voltage of the capacitor and a preset second reference value after the charge switch unit is turned off when the charging is completed.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery unit and a controller. The battery unit has a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of first relays and a plurality of second relays. Each battery module has a plurality of unit cells that are connected in series. The plurality of first relays are connected between the same polarity terminals between the plurality of battery modules and configured to allow parallel connection between the plurality of battery modules upon being closed. The plurality of second relays are connected between different-polarity terminals of the plurality of battery modules and configured to allow series connection between the plurality of battery modules upon being closed. The controller of the battery system is configured to control the closed/open state of the plurality of first relays and the plurality of second relays based on a voltage deviation between the plurality of battery modules.