Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing an antioxidant that has excellent antioxidant ability and is well dispersed when applied to a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA). The method includes a step of preparing a powder including reduced metal oxide and a step of mixing the powder with a powdery ionomer to obtain an antioxidant in which the ionomer is bound to the surface of the reduced metal oxide.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel with a pad portion area, the pad portion area having an input pad portion, the input pad portion including a plurality of input pads and a plurality of dummy pads, an output pad portion, and a conducting wire portion, the conducting wire portion electrically connecting two dummy pads of the plurality of dummy pads in the input pad portion, a driving integrated circuit (IC) on the pad portion area, the driving IC including an input bump portion corresponding to the input pad portion and an output bump portion corresponding to the output pad portion, and a flexible printed circuit (FPC) electrically connected to the driving IC.

Abstract: A socket includes a conductive base, a first socket terminal, and a second socket terminal, the first socket terminal extends from one end of the base, and the second socket terminal extends from an other end of the base, opposite to the first socket terminal with the base therebetween. Further, the first socket terminal has a first contact portion extending from the base and contacting with a terminal of the connector, a second contact portion extending from the first contact portion and contacting with the terminal of the connector, and a first bending portion extending from the second contact portion and bending away from the first contact portion.

Abstract: Embodiments may be directed to an LCD apparatus including: an array substrate including a pixel electrode in each pixel of a plurality of pixels of an image area; a color filter substrate including a common electrode facing the pixel electrode; and a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the color filter substrate, and the common electrode includes a first common electrode corresponding to a center portion of the image area and a second common electrode corresponding to a boundary portion of the image area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel with a pad portion area, the pad portion area having an input pad portion, the input pad portion including a plurality of input pads and a plurality of dummy pads, an output pad portion, and a conducting wire portion, the conducting wire portion electrically connecting two dummy pads of the plurality of dummy pads in the input pad portion, a driving integrated circuit (IC) on the pad portion area, the driving IC including an input bump portion corresponding to the input pad portion and an output bump portion corresponding to the output pad portion, and a flexible printed circuit (FPC) electrically connected to the driving IC.

Abstract: Embodiments may be directed to an LCD apparatus including: an array substrate including a pixel electrode in each pixel of a plurality of pixels of an image area; a color filter substrate including a common electrode facing the pixel electrode; and a liquid crystal layer between the array substrate and the color filter substrate, and the common electrode includes a first common electrode corresponding to a center portion of the image area and a second common electrode corresponding to a boundary portion of the image area.

Abstract: A socket includes a conductive base, a first socket terminal, and a second socket terminal, the first socket terminal extends from one end of the base, and the second socket terminal extends from an other end of the base, opposite to the first socket terminal with the base therebetween. Further, the first socket terminal has a first contact portion extending from the base and contacting with a terminal of the connector, a second contact portion extending from the first contact portion and contacting with the terminal of the connector, and a first bending portion extending from the second contact portion and bending away from the first contact portion.

Abstract: A method of controlling an interface between an I2C master in a time controller for a liquid crystal display and an external memory may include causing a pre-scaler to determine whether or not a first clock signal from the I2C master to the external memory is synchronized with a second clock signal from the external memory to the I2C master. If the first clock signal is not synchronized with the second clock signal, the pre-scaler stops transmission of a third clock signal for an I2C interface with the external memory to the I2C master.

Abstract: A light source driving apparatus according to the present invention includes a controller, a first driver and a second driver. The controller outputs a first control signal to drive the light source in a normal-luminance mode and outputs a second control signal to drive the light source in a low-luminance mode. The first driver drives the light source, based on a first voltage in response to the first control signal in the low-luminance mode. The second driver drives the light source, based on a second voltage in response to the second control signal in the normal luminance mode. Therefore, the light source driving apparatus driving the light source decreases current-consumption and prevents unnecessary power consumption from increasing in a low-luminance driving mode.

Abstract: A method of generating a common voltage for driving a display panel includes; comparing image data of a previous frame with image data of a present frame to determine whether the image data of the previous frame, which is received during a first setting time, is substantially the same as the image data of the present frame, determining a voltage level of the common voltage applied to the display panel in accordance with whether the image data of the previous frame is substantially the same as the image data of the present frame, generating the common voltage corresponding to the determined voltage level, and providing the display panel with the common voltage.

Abstract: A spread spectrum clocking interface apparatus of a flat panel display for compensating for a frequency difference between a first clock signal externally supplied to a timing controller and a second clock signal generated from a spread spectrum clocking unit. The spread spectrum clocking interface apparatus includes a storage unit, first and second counters, and a delay unit. The storage unit stores input data to be supplied to the flat panel display in a first-in/first-out (FIFO) manner in accordance with a write address and outputs the stored input data in the FIFO manner in accordance with a read-out address. The first counter counts the first clock signal in response to a display enable signal and outputs a result of the counting as the write address. The delay unit delays the display enable signal while the second counter counts the second clock signal in response to the delayed display enable signal and outputs a result of the counting of the second counter as the read-out address.

Abstract: A method of controlling an interface between an I2C master in a time controller for a liquid crystal display and an external memory may include causing a pre-scaler to determine whether or not a first clock signal from the I2C master to the external memory is synchronized with a second clock signal from the external memory to the I2C master. If the first clock signal is not synchronized with the second clock signal, the pre-scaler stops transmission of a third clock signal for an I2C interface with the external memory to the I2C master.

Abstract: The present invention has been made in an effort to provide a circuit for generating driving voltages, a liquid crystal display, and a method of generating driving voltages having advantages that a plurality of driving voltages are not reduced so that desired grays are displayed and the contrast ratio is not deteriorated. For this purpose, driving voltages are generated using a battery voltage outputted from a battery of a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this manner, by generating a source voltage VS and a common voltage Vcom using a battery voltage V_BAT, the reduced amounts of the source voltage VS and the common voltage Vcom are lessened, and therefore, voltages required by the specifications can be maintained. As a result, black is displayed more darkly or white is displayed more brightly, so that the contrast ratio C/R of a display device can be increased.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel having a resolution of a regular square and a plurality of pixels, a signal processor which stores first image signals corresponding to a first image of one frame and outputs second image signals corresponding to a second image having a display type changed with respect to the first image, and a data driver which converts the second image signals to data voltages to supply to the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A driving apparatus for a display device includes a micro processor unit (“MPU”) including a memory, the MPU provides image data and an input control signal and a signal controller including a counter, the signal controller generates an output control signal based on the input control signal, wherein the memory includes a plurality of commands and an index which assigns a first command among the plurality of commands, and the index and the plurality of commands are sequentially transmitted to the signal controller.

Abstract: A display device, includes: a main display panel; a main driving unit which comprises a driving voltage generating unit that generates a plurality of driving voltages to be supplied for the main display panel and a first driving voltage terminal that outputs the driving voltages, and drives the main display panel; a sub-display panel; a sub-driving unit which comprises a source power terminal that receives source power from the main driving unit, a second driving voltage generating unit, a second driving voltage terminal that is connected with first driving voltage terminal and a switching unit that switches the source power supplied from the source power terminal to the second driving voltage generating unit, and drives the sub-display panel; and a controller which controls the switching unit not to supply the source power from the source power terminal to the second driving voltage generating unit if the main display panel is in a standby mode in which an image is not displayed on the main display panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) including a display panel assembly having a liquid crystal layer, a driving voltage generator generating driving voltages for the display panel assembly, and a driving unit driving the display panel assembly based on the driving voltages. The driving voltage generator receives information about the display panel assembly from the display panel assembly or from an external device and generates the driving voltages based on the information. Thus, regardless of the characteristics of the display panel, one driving chip is commonly used for various LCDs.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes first and second display panels, and first and second driver circuit parts. The first display panel includes first pixels. Each of the first pixels includes a switching element electrically connected to a gate line and a source line, and a first liquid crystal capacitor electrically connected to the switching element. The second display panel includes second pixels. Each of the second pixels includes a second liquid crystal capacitor formed by a scan electrode and a segment electrode. The segment electrode is extended along a direction crossing a longitudinal direction of the scan electrode. The first driver circuit part drives the first display panel by using first driving voltages. The second driver circuit part drives the second display panel by using second driving voltages generated by adjusting the first driving voltages.

Abstract: A light source driving apparatus according to the present invention includes a controller, a first driver and a second driver. The controller outputs a first control signal to drive the light source in a normal-luminance mode and outputs a second control signal to drive the light source in a low-luminance mode. The first driver drives the light source, based on a first voltage in response to the first control signal in the low-luminance mode. The second driver drives the light source, based on a second voltage in response to the second control signal in the normal luminance mode. Therefore, the light source driving apparatus driving the light source decreases current-consumption and prevents unnecessary power consumption from increasing in a low-luminance driving mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method which protect the header of an synchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell from the burst error by using reed solomon RS error correcting code in order to compensate the loss of the ATM cell on the link of the ATM cell and prevent the increasement of the overhead by applying a header error correction HEC bite to a forward error correction code FEC.