Abstract: A thin film transistor including: a substrate; an active layer formed over the substrate; a gate insulating layer formed over the active layer; a gate electrode formed over the gate insulating layer; an interlayer insulating layer formed over the gate electrode; and source and drain electrodes that contact the active layer via the interlayer insulating layer. The source and drain electrodes may have a structure including an aluminum (Al) layer, an aluminum-nickel alloy (AlNiX) layer, and an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer, which are sequentially stacked.

Abstract: A thin film transistor including: a substrate; an active layer formed over the substrate; a gate insulating layer formed over the active layer; a gate electrode formed over the gate insulating layer; an interlayer insulating layer formed over the gate electrode; and source and drain electrodes that contact the active layer via the interlayer insulating layer. The source and drain electrodes may have a structure including an aluminum (Al) layer, an aluminum-nickel alloy (AlNiX) layer, and an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer, which are sequentially stacked.

Abstract: An apparatus for interworking a mobile terminal account and a gaming account by interworking game record information in the mobile terminal and a game integration account used in multiple games. The method includes: storing information, on a storage device, on a game integration ID used to manage games for the gaming account; receiving, from a mobile terminal, unique terminal identification information of the mobile terminal; confirming whether a mobile ID is mapped to the terminal identification information; creating a mobile ID mapped to the terminal identification information when the confirming determines that a mobile ID is not mapped to the terminal identification information; and mapping, one-to-one, the created mobile ID and the game integration ID.

Abstract: A thin film transistor including: a substrate; an active layer formed over the substrate; a gate insulating layer formed over the active layer; a gate electrode formed over the gate insulating layer; an interlayer insulating layer formed over the gate electrode; and source and drain electrodes that contact the active layer via the interlayer insulating layer. The source and drain electrodes may have a structure including an aluminum (Al) layer, an aluminum-nickel alloy (AlNiX) layer, and an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer, which are sequentially stacked.

Abstract: A hard disk drive apparatus includes a magnetic head having a write head to record data on a disk and a read head to read the data recorded on the disk, at least one actuator arm on which the magnetic head is mounted, a voice coil motor to rotate the at least one actuator arm across the disk, a printed circuit board electrically connected to the write head, the read head, and the voice coil motor, and a flexible printed circuit having at least one write trace to electrically connect the write head and the printed circuit board, at least one read trace to electrically connect the read head and the printed circuit board, and a voice coil motor trace to electrically connect the voice coil motor and the printed circuit board. In the hard disk drive, the write trace is arranged between the read trace and the voice coil motor trace.

Abstract: A hard disc drive (HDD) that has improved head stability at low temperatures and a method of supplying current to a head of the HDD. The HDD includes a disc, a tunneling magneto resistance (TuMR) head to read data recorded on the disc having a heating coil, and a current control unit to supply a current corresponding to the ambient temperature surrounding the HDD to the heating coil. The current control unit supplies a current corresponding to the ambient temperature to the heating coil of the head. Since a heating coil is inserted in the TuMR head, an optimum current corresponding to the ambient temperature can be supplied to the heating coil, and thus, the head instability during a reading operation at low temperatures can be prevented.

Abstract: A hard disc drive (HDD) that has improved head stability at low temperatures and a method of supplying current to a head of the HDD. The HDD includes a disc, a tunneling magneto resistance (TuMR) head to read data recorded on the disc having a heating coil, and a current control unit to supply a current corresponding to the ambient temperature surrounding the HDD to the heating coil. The current control unit supplies a current corresponding to the ambient temperature to the heating coil of the head. Since a heating coil is inserted in the TuMR head, an optimum current corresponding to the ambient temperature can be supplied to the heating coil, and thus, the head instability during a reading operation at low temperatures can be prevented.

Abstract: A hard disk drive apparatus includes a magnetic head having a write head to record data on a disk and a read head to read the data recorded on the disk, at least one actuator arm on which the magnetic head is mounted, a voice coil motor to rotate the at least one actuator arm across the disk, a printed circuit board electrically connected to the write head, the read head, and the voice coil motor, and a flexible printed circuit having at least one write trace to electrically connect the write head and the printed circuit board, at least one read trace to electrically connect the read head and the printed circuit board, and a voice coil motor trace to electrically connect the voice coil motor and the printed circuit board. In the hard disk drive, the write trace is arranged between the read trace and the voice coil motor trace.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an anergy-inducing cellular composition comprising: cells having antigenic determinants on the cell surface and an anergy-inducing compound [e.g., (?)-epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate (EGCG)] attached by its chemical affinity to the antigenic determinants. In one embodiment, the anergy-inducing compound blocks co-stimulatory molecules among the antigenic determinants of the cells, which upon encountering with T-cell renders the latter anergic, that is, unresponsive toward alloantigens. In another embodiment, EGCG is of high purity for its efficient attachment to the antigenic determinants. The anergy-inducing cellular composition is prepared by immersing the cells in a culture media solution (RPMI 1640) containing 50-500 ppm EGCG at low physiological temperatures for one to two hours to minimize the cells' mortality.

Abstract: A cryopreservation medium and a cryopreservation method which make it possible to cryopreserve tissues and cells with high viability are provided. A cryopreservation medium contains polyphenol at a concentration of from 30 to 120 ppm. In an embodiment, a cryopreservation method for tissues and cells comprises: incubating tissues or cells for 2 hours in culture medium supplemented with polyphenol at concentrations of from 30 to 120 ppm; suspending tissues or cells in a cryopreservation medium; freezing the suspension of the tissues or cells in the cryopreservation medium; and storing the frozen suspension of tissues or cells in the cryopreservation medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optimizing write properties of a magnetic head capable of performing read/write functions on a medium including defining the magnetic head as a normal head, a low temperature weak write (WW) head, or a high temperature WW head, and optimizing the write properties using optimal over shoot control (OSC) and write current (WC) according to the defined kind of magnetic head. Accordingly, the magnetic head in a hard disk drive (HDD) can be defined as the normal head, the low temperature WW head, or the high temperature WW head. Since the method uses the optimal OSC and WC values, according to the defined kind of magnetic head, in consideration of writability of the magnetic head and environmental temperature, low temperature or high temperature WW problems are avoided.

Abstract: A method of screening a hard disk drive (HDD) including: measuring one or more parameters to display read/write head performances at least two times during an HDD process; and calculating variances of the measured one or more parameters and judging whether head degradation has occurred based on the calculated variances.

Abstract: A method optimizing a recording current in consideration of operating temperatures of a hard disk drive and a method of setting a recording density in consideration of tracks per inch (TPI) or adjacent track erasure (ATE) characteristics. The method of optimizing the recording current measures a rate of errors under a test condition corresponding to the operating temperature of a hard disk drive, while changing a recording parameter, selects a recording parameter value corresponding to a smallest rate of errors, and optimizes the recording current for the hard disk drive under operating environmental conditions using the selected recording parameter value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a write current capable of improving an adjacent track erasure (ATE) property of a hard disk drive. The method for controlling the write current in a hard disk drive includes applying overshoot current and write current to a head to write data on a disk, waiting for a predetermined time to pass, with the predetermined time being determined according to a thermal pole tip protrusion (TPTP) property of the head, and reducing the overshoot current and the write current upon passing of the predetermined time. Accordingly, since the overshoot current and the write current are decreased at the time of the TPTP being saturated, it is possible to effectively improve an ATE property of the hard disk drive.

Abstract: A method of measuring the degree of thermal pole tip protrusion (TPTP) of a magnetic head and controlling a recording current in consideration of the degree of TPTP, in relation to a hard disk drive includes measuring the rate of errors contained in data by performing writing and reading operations while changing the level of an overshoot current (OSC), detecting a minimum error rate and a maximum error rate while changing a range of the OSC, and determining the degree of TPTP by measuring the difference between the minimum error rate and the error rate at the maximum OSC.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to determine a magnetic write width of a magnetic head using burst patterns. The method includes seeking a target track on a magnetic disc to write a burst pattern on the target track; seeking tracks adjacent to the target track to write burst patterns on the adjacent tracks, which are offtracked by a predetermined percentage toward the target track, moving the magnetic head along a radial direction of the magnetic disc and measure an output signal of the magnetic head, to create an offtrack profile, and determining an amplitude reduction ratio of the target track from the offtrack profile, to determine a magnetic write width corresponding to the determined amplitude reduction ratio.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a write current capable of improving an adjacent track erasure (ATE) property of a hard disk drive. The method for controlling the write current in a hard disk drive includes applying overshoot current and write current to a head to write data on a disk, waiting for a predetermined time to pass, with the predetermined time being determined according to a thermal pole tip protrusion (TPTP) property of the head, and reducing the overshoot current and the write current upon passing of the predetermined time. Accordingly, since the overshoot current and the write current are decreased at the time of the TPTP being saturated, it is possible to effectively improve an ATE property of the hard disk drive.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optimizing write properties of a magnetic head capable of performing read/write functions on a medium including defining the magnetic head as a normal head, a low temperature weak write (WW) head, or a high temperature WW head, and optimizing the write properties using optimal over shoot control (OSC) and write current (WC) according to the defined kind of magnetic head. Accordingly, the magnetic head in a hard disk drive (HDD) can be defined as the normal head, the low temperature WW head, or the high temperature WW head. Since the method uses the optimal OSC and WC values, according to the defined kind of magnetic head, in consideration of writability of the magnetic head and environmental temperature, low temperature or high temperature WW problems are avoided.