Abstract: An intelligent heat pump system having a dual heat exchanger structure includes a heat source side heat exchange member, a heat pump, an external expansion valve, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, and a target side end unit. A refrigerant flows through the heat pump, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and the target side end unit, and in a non-air-conditioning state for the target site, circulates between the heat pump and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, so that cooled or heated water is stored in the heat storage tank. In an air-conditioning state for the target site, the heat pump and the heat storage tank supply cooling and heating to the target site, so that the power consumption for normal operation is reduced in order to improve the operation efficiency of the intelligent heat pump system.

Abstract: An intelligent heat pump system having a dual heat exchanger structure includes a heat source side heat exchange member, a heat pump, an external expansion valve, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, and a target side end unit. A refrigerant flows through the heat pump, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and the target side end unit, and in a non-air-conditioning state for the target site, circulates between the heat pump and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, so that cooled or heated water is stored in the heat storage tank. In an air-conditioning state for the target site, the heat pump and the heat storage tank supply cooling and heating to the target site, so that the power consumption for normal operation is reduced in order to improve the operation efficiency of the intelligent heat pump system.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices include an interlayer insulating layer on a substrate, a first capacitor structure in the interlayer insulating layer, and a conductive layer including a terminal pad on the interlayer insulating layer. The first capacitor structure includes at least one first laminate, the at least one first laminate including a first lower electrode, a first capacitor insulating layer, and a first upper electrode sequentially on the substrate. The terminal pad does not overlap with the first capacitor structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a two-stage heating geothermal system using geothermal energy. The two-stage heating geothermal system includes a geothermal heat exchanger, a geothermal heat pump, a booster heat pump, a bypass line, and a bypass line opening and closing valve. The operating efficiency of the two-stage heating geothermal system using geothermal energy is significantly improved. Hot water supply, auxiliary heating, and the like are controlled to be completely independent of main heating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a two-stage heating geothermal system using geothermal energy. The two-stage heating geothermal system includes a geothermal heat exchanger, a geothermal heat pump, a booster heat pump, a bypass line, and a bypass line opening and closing valve. The operating efficiency of the two-stage heating geothermal system using geothermal energy is significantly improved. Hot water supply, auxiliary heating, and the like are controlled to be completely independent of main heating.

Abstract: A molding apparatus for semiconductor package fabrication includes a bottom mold on which a molding object can be mounted, a top mold on the bottom mold including the molding object that is mounted on the bottom mold, and a side mold on one side of the bottom mold and the top mold. The side mold has a plurality of air vent holes. A cavity into which a molding material can be injected and made to flow is provided between the bottom mold and the top mold.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices include an interlayer insulating layer on a substrate, a first capacitor structure in the interlayer insulating layer, and a conductive layer including a terminal pad on the interlayer insulating layer. The first capacitor structure includes at least one first laminate, the at least one first laminate including a first lower electrode, a first capacitor insulating layer, and a first upper electrode sequentially on the substrate. The terminal pad does not overlap with the first capacitor structure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to manage files of a portable device such as an mp3 player, a mobile phone, or a game console, the method comprising copying files to be played from a source server and storing the files in a file system on a folder-by-folder basis; determining the presence of files which have been changed in the portable device by checking the file system when the files are completely copied; and creating a playlist of the files, folder-by-folder, according to file path information of the file system when there are the changed files.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to manage files of a portable device such as an mp3 player, a mobile phone, or a game console, the method comprising copying files to be played from a source server and storing the files in a file system on a folder-by-folder basis; determining the presence of files which have been changed in the portable device by checking the file system when the files are completely copied; and creating a playlist of the files, folder-by-folder, according to file path information of the file system when there are the changed files.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display device including the steps of preparing first and second substrates, forming an organic electroluminescent display on the first substrate, forming a first etching mask film on an upper surface of the second substrate, forming a second etching mask film on a lower surface of the second substrate, performing a first etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate, forming a third etching mask film on an etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, performing a second etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate to form a plurality of grooves on the upper surface of the second substrate, removing the first and second etching mask films, the second etching film remaining on the etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, and encapsulating the organic electroluminescent display between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display device including the steps of preparing first and second substrates, forming an organic electroluminescent display on the first substrate, forming a first etching mask film on an upper surface of the second substrate, forming a second etching mask film on a lower surface of the second substrate, performing a first etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate, forming a third etching mask film on an etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, performing a second etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate to form a plurality of grooves on the upper surface of the second substrate, removing the first and second etching mask films, the second etching film remaining on the etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, and encapsulating the organic electroluminescent display between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display device including the steps of preparing first and second substrates, forming an organic electroluminescent display on the first substrate, forming a first etching mask film on an upper surface of the second substrate, forming a second etching mask film on a lower surface of the second substrate, performing a first etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate, forming a third etching mask film on an etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, performing a second etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate to form a plurality of grooves on the upper surface of the second substrate, removing the first and second etching mask films, the second etching film remaining on the etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, and encapsulating the organic electroluminescent display between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A distance measurement module includes: an image pickup lens capturing an image of a subject; a light source unit disposed to be adjacent to the image pickup lens and irradiating reference light to the subject; a light receiving unit extracting image information of the subject and distance information to the subject upon receiving light which is reflected from the subject and made incident through the image pickup lens; and a calculation unit calculating the distance to the subject by using a phase difference between the reference light and the reflected light.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus including first and second photosensitive bodies, first and second exposing units to form electrostatic latent images on the first and second photosensitive bodies respectively charged to a uniform electric potential, a first developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body by supplying a color toner to the electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body, and a second developing unit in which a transparent toner and a white toner charged to different polarities are contained and which develops a transparent toner image and a white toner image by respectively supplying the transparent toner and the white toner to an image portion and a non-image portion of an electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display device including the steps of preparing first and second substrates, forming an organic electroluminescent display on the first substrate, forming a first etching mask film on an upper surface of the second substrate, forming a second etching mask film on a lower surface of the second substrate, performing a first etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate, forming a third etching mask film on an etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, performing a second etching process on the upper surface of the second substrate to form a plurality of grooves on the upper surface of the second substrate, removing the first and second etching mask films, the second etching film remaining on the etched portion of the second surface of the glass substrate, and encapsulating the organic electroluminescent display between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-layered vitamin/mineral complex tablet having enhanced stability of ubidecarenone. The present invention is characterized in that ubidecarenone is contained in a first layer, and ingredients decreasing the stability of ubidecarenone are contained in an additional layer separated from the first layer. The method is a convenient process, and the formulation prepared by the method can maintain a high content of ubidecarenone during long-term storage, thereby providing a simultaneous intake of ubidecarenone and nutritional ingredients such as various vitamins.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a substrate having a trench formed therein. An isolation layer is disposed in the trench so as to cover a first sidewall portion of the trench and an entire bottom of the trench without covering a second sidewall portion of the trench. A buffer layer is disposed between the isolation layer and the trench. A gate insulating layer is disposed on the second sidewall portion of the trench and extends onto the substrate adjacent to the trench.

Abstract: An image forming method of an image forming apparatus includes generating voice data based on image data, which will be transmitted, if a voice attaching signal is input, and transmitting at least one of the image data and the voice data to an external device, so that a visually impaired person can identify the image data when receiving and transmitting the image data.

Abstract: A printing method to form an electrophotographic image includes applying a transparent toner image to a surface of a printing medium, applying color toner images on the transparent toner image according to image information, and applying another transparent toner image onto the color toner images.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus including first and second photosensitive bodies, first and second exposing units to form electrostatic latent images on the first and second photosensitive bodies respectively charged to a uniform electric potential, a first developing unit to develop an electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body by supplying a color toner to the electrostatic latent image of the first photosensitive body, and a second developing unit in which a transparent toner and a white toner charged to different polarities are contained and which develops a transparent toner image and a white toner image by respectively supplying the transparent toner and the white toner to an image portion and a non-image portion of an electrostatic latent image of the second photosensitive body.