Abstract: Techniques for header encoding include encoding a plurality of bits using a forward error correction code, generating an FEC codeword comprising a plurality of encoded bits, and concatenating a first copy of the FEC codeword with a second copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the concatenating comprises cyclically shifting by two bits the second concatenated copy of the FEC codeword relative to the first concatenated copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the encoded bits of the first and second copies of the FEC codewords are modulated on at least one OFDM symbol. techniques for header decoding include receiving a plurality of encoded bits comprising at least two concatenated copies of an FEC codeword, decoding a first copy of the FEC codeword to generate a first plurality of decoded bits, and decoding a second copy of the FEC codeword to generate a second plurality of decoded bits.

Abstract: A modem includes a controller configured to generate at least one communication for a communication medium. The at least one communication includes first portion comprising auxiliary information, the auxiliary information comprising at least power boost information and at least one parameter defining use of the power boost information and a second portion comprising payload data.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that receives a first packet type in a first channel bandwidth and a second packet type in a second channel bandwidth, the first channel bandwidth being at least two times wider than the second channel bandwidth. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are received using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are received using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable reception than the first packet type.

Abstract: Implementations related to updating channel adaptation parameters are described. In one implementation, an R2T frame, such as an acknowledgment (ACK) frame, is modified to carry a partial bit allocation table (BAT). The R2T frame may be received by a transceiver apparatus and the partial BAT carried in the header or extended header(s) of R2T frame may be used to update a BAT stored in the transceiver. In another implementation, a message frame is modified to carry a partial BAT. The message frame may be received by a transceiver apparatus and the partial BAT used to update a BAT stored in the transceiver. A unique identification number generated by the receiving transceiver apparatus may be used to synchronize BATs stored in two communicating transceivers without necessity of exchanging additional control messages.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that receives a first packet type in a first channel bandwidth and a second packet type in a second channel bandwidth, the first channel bandwidth being at least two times wider than the second channel bandwidth. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are received using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are received using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable reception than the first packet type.

Abstract: An integrated control method is provided for an engine and a transmission and the method is capable of integrally controlling the engine and the transmission, based on a control correlation between the engine and the transmission. This method determines a target engine operating point reflecting a driving state of a vehicle and a driver's intention to accelerate, in an integrated control map having an engine control area and a transmission control area. The method calculates a target shift ratio based on the target engine operating point, thus being capable of significantly saving a man-hour required to set a map as compared to a conventional control method in which an engine torque map and a shift pattern map are individually set, and improving fuel efficiency.

Abstract: A method for learning a touch point of a transmission is disclosed. The method may include: moving a sleeve of a synchronizing device in a shift stage gear direction and calculating a predicted rotation speed based on an initial rotation speed and a rotation speed change rate of a transmission clutch; positioning a first point when a difference between an actual rotation speed and the predicted rotation speed occurs and positioning a second point when a difference value between the actual rotation speed and the predicted rotation speed reaches a set speed; calculating a determination time by subtracting a second time to move the sleeve from the first point to the second point from a first time to move the sleeve from the first point to a pre-stored touch point; and performing a correction and control on the touch point based on the determination time.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that transmits a first packet type in a first channel bandwidth and a second packet type in a second channel bandwidth, the first channel bandwidth being at least two times wider than the second channel bandwidth. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are transmitted using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are transmitted using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable transmission than the first packet type.

Abstract: Techniques for header encoding include encoding a plurality of bits using a forward error correction code, generating an FEC codeword comprising a plurality of encoded bits, and concatenating a first copy of the FEC codeword with a second copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the concatenating comprises cyclically shifting by two bits the second concatenated copy of the FEC codeword relative to the first concatenated copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the encoded bits of the first and second copies of the FEC codewords are modulated on at least one OFDM symbol. techniques for header decoding include receiving a plurality of encoded bits comprising at least two concatenated copies of an FEC codeword, decoding a first copy of the FEC codeword to generate a first plurality of decoded bits, and decoding a second copy of the FEC codeword to generate a second plurality of decoded bits.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that transmits a first packet type in a first channel bandwidth and a second packet type in a second channel bandwidth, the first channel bandwidth being at least two times wider than the second channel bandwidth. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are transmitted using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are transmitted using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable transmission than the first packet type.

Abstract: A method for learning a touch point of a transmission is disclosed. The method may include: moving a sleeve of a synchronizing device in a shift stage gear direction and calculating a predicted rotation speed based on an initial rotation speed and a rotation speed change rate of a transmission clutch; positioning a first point when a difference between an actual rotation speed and the predicted rotation speed occurs and positioning a second point when a difference value between the actual rotation speed and the predicted rotation speed reaches a set speed; calculating a determination time by subtracting a second time to move the sleeve from the first point to the second point from a first time to move the sleeve from the first point to a pre-stored touch point; and performing a correction and control on the touch point based on the determination time.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sodium-air battery comprising a high-concentration electrolyte which can increase the chemical stability of the battery material and the discharge product in the sodium-air battery. The use of a liquid electrolyte comprising an ether-based solvent and a sodium salt at a concentration of 4 M or less but exceeding 0.5 M can significantly increase the chemical stability of the sodium-air battery and can suppress the formation of dendrites on the anode.

Abstract: A method for driving a display, a display device, and a source driver. The method includes receiving and storing data obtained by dividing and compressing an image frame, decompressing the data, scanning the decompressed data, storing a result of the scanning, and displaying an image corresponding to the scan result.

Abstract: Techniques for header encoding include encoding a plurality of bits using a forward error correction code, generating an FEC codeword comprising a plurality of encoded bits, and concatenating a first copy of the FEC codeword with a second copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the concatenating comprises cyclically shifting by two bits the second concatenated copy of the FEC codeword relative to the first concatenated copy of the FEC codeword, wherein the encoded bits of the first and second copies of the FEC codewords are modulated on at least one OFDM symbol. techniques for header decoding include receiving a plurality of encoded bits comprising at least two concatenated copies of an FEC codeword, decoding a first copy of the FEC codeword to generate a first plurality of decoded bits, and decoding a second copy of the FEC codeword to generate a second plurality of decoded bits.

Abstract: Disclosed is an integrated control method for an engine and a transmission, which is capable of integrally controlling the engine and the transmission, based on a control correlation between the engine and the transmission. This method determines a target engine operating point reflecting a driving state of a vehicle and a driver's intention to accelerate, in an integrated control map having an engine control area and a transmission control area. The method calculates a target shift ratio based on the target engine operating point, thus being capable of significantly saving a man-hour required to set a map as compared to a conventional control method in which an engine torque map and a shift pattern map are individually set, and improving fuel efficiency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that receives a first packet type and a second packet type. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are received using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are received using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable reception than the first packet type.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use within a wireless OFDM network that receives a first packet type and a second packet type. The first packet type has a header field with two parts with each part comprising a different set of header bits. The two parts of the header field are received using two OFDM symbols. The second packet type has a header field with four parts with the first and second parts comprising the same first set of header bits and the third and the fourth part comprising the same second set of header bits. The four parts of the header field are received using four OFDM symbols. The second packet type provides more reliable reception than the first packet type.

Abstract: Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide communication between networked nodes while minimizing interference from neighbor network communication. Medium Access Control (MAC) cycles at the nodes may be aligned to MAC cycles of neighbor nodes and/or networks based on decoded timing information detected by the nodes.

Abstract: Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide communication between networked nodes while minimizing interference from neighbor network communication. Medium Access Control (MAC) cycles at the nodes may be aligned to MAC cycles of neighbor nodes and/or networks based on decoded timing information detected by the nodes.

Abstract: Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide communication between networked nodes operating on a communication network medium. In an implementation, a node generates a broadcast frame that includes at least a preamble and a payload. The preamble of the broadcast frame may include supplemental information. The supplemental information may be associated with one or more symbols of the preamble. The supplemental information may contain predetermined header information for use by nodes operating on the communication network medium.