Abstract: A transparent conductive layer includes a substrate, a first conductive layer disposed on the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer, wherein the second conductive layer comprises a textured surface and an opening which exposes the first conductive layer, wherein the opening comprises a diameter of about 1 micrometer to about 3 micrometers. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the transparent conductive layer and a photoelectric device.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic device using a Joule heating-induced crystallization method. The method includes: forming a first conductive pattern on a substrate; forming a photoelectric conversion layer on the substrate having the first conductive pattern; and crystallizing at least part of the photoelectric conversion layer by applying an electric field to the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer includes a first amorphous semiconductor layer containing first impurities, a second intrinsic, amorphous semiconductor layer, and a third amorphous semiconductor layer containing second impurities.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a photoelectric conversion device having a semiconductor substrate including a front side and back side, a protective layer formed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate, a first non-single crystalline semiconductor layer formed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, a first conductive layer including a first impurity formed on a first portion of a back side of the first non-single crystalline semiconductor layer, and a second conductive layer including the first impurity and a second impurity formed on a second portion of the back side of the first non-single crystalline semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A solar cell includes: a semiconductor substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; uneven patterns disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the semiconductor substrate; a first impurity layer disposed on the uneven patterns and which includes a first part having a first doping concentration and a second part having a second doping concentration greater than the first doping concentration; and a first electrode which contacts the second part of the first impurity layer and does not contact the first part of the first impurity layer.

Abstract: A photovoltaic device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The photovoltaic device includes: a substrate; a first conductive layer formed on the substrate; P layers and N layers alternately formed along a first direction on the first conductive layer; and I layers covering the P layers and the N layers on the first conductive layer, wherein the P layers and the N layers are separated from each other by a first interval, the I layers are formed between the P layers and the N layers that are separated by the first interval, and the P layers, the I layers, and the N layers formed along the first direction form unit cells.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments of a photovoltaic device and a method of manufacturing the photovoltaic device, a first conductive layer, a first light-absorbing layer and a second conductive layer may be formed on a substrate, in sequence. A temperature for forming the second conductive layer may be lower than a temperature for forming the first conductive layer and a temperature for forming the first light-absorbing layer.

Abstract: A solar cell module includes a bottom module layer formed on a first substrate and absorbing a greater fraction of light energy in a first wavelength band than in a second wavelength band. The first wavelength band includes a shorter wavelength than any wavelength in the second wavelength band. A top module layer is formed on the bottom module layer to absorb a greater fraction of light energy in the second wavelength band than in the first wavelength band. A second substrate is formed on the top module layer. A reflecting filter is provided between the bottom module layer and the top module layer. The reflecting filter reflects a greater fraction of light energy in the first wavelength band than in the second wavelength band and transmits a greater fraction of light energy in the second wavelength band than in the first wavelength band.

Abstract: A solar cell including a first semiconductor layer formed by sequentially stacking a positive (P) layer, an intrinsic (I) layer and a negative (N) layer, wherein the P layer comprises amorphous silicon carbide and at least one of the I and N layers comprises micro-crystalline silicon.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic device includes preparing a semiconductor substrate having a light incidence surface receiving light and including single crystalline silicon, wet-etching the light incidence surface to form a plurality of first protrusions on the light incidence surface, dry etching a plurality of surfaces of the first protrusions to form a plurality of second protrusions on the plurality of surfaces of the first protrusions, and forming a semiconductor layer on the light incidence surface. The method further includes forming a first electrode on the semiconductor layer and forming a second electrode on a rear surface of the semiconductor substrate facing the light incidence surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a solar cell is provided. The manufacturing method includes: depositing a transparent conductive layer on a substrate; patterning the transparent conductive layer; forming a semiconductor layer including deposited on the patterned transparent conductive layer; patterning the semiconductor layer; coating a metal powder on the patterned semiconductor layer; forming a rear electrode layer on the semiconductor layer coated with the metal powder; and patterning the rear electrode layer and the semiconductor layer. This method is useful for producing a solar cell with improved light absorption efficiency.

Abstract: A transparent conductive layer includes a substrate, a first conductive layer disposed on the substrate, and a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer, wherein the second conductive layer comprises a textured surface and an opening which exposes the first conductive layer, wherein the opening comprises a diameter of about 1 micrometer to about 3 micrometers. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the transparent conductive layer and a photoelectric device.

Abstract: Photovoltaic devices and methods of manufacturing the same are provided. In one example, a photovoltaic device includes: a substrate; a transparent conductive layer deposited on the substrate; a semiconductor layer provided with a P layer, an I layer, and a N layer sequentially deposited on the transparent conductive layer; and a rear electrode deposited on the N layer of the semiconductor layer, wherein the P layer is a P-type oxide semiconductor.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a photoelectric device, a transparent conductive layer is formed on a substrate, and the transparent conductive layer is partially etched using an etching solution including hydrofluoric acid. Thus, a transparent electrode having a concavo-convex pattern on its surface is formed. When the transparent conductive layer is partially etched, a haze of the transparent electrode may be controlled by adjusting an etching time of the transparent conductive layer. Also, since the etching solution is sprayed to the transparent conductive layer to etch the transparent conductive layer, the concavo-convex pattern on the surface of the transparent electrode may be easily formed even though the size of the substrate increases.

Abstract: A method of electrically eliminating defective solar cell units that are disposed within an integrated solar cells module and a method of trimming an output voltage of the integrated solar cells module are provided, where the solar cells module has a large number (e.g., 50 or more) of solar cell units integrally disposed therein and initially connected in series one to the next. The method includes providing a corresponding plurality of repair pads, each integrally extending from a respective electrode layer of the solar cell units, and providing a bypass conductor integrated within the module and extending adjacent to the repair pads. Pad-to-pad spacings and pad-to-bypass spacings are such that pad-to-pad connecting bridges may be selectively created between adjacent ones of the repair pads and such that pad-to-bypass connecting bridges may be selectively created between the repair pads and the adjacently extending bypass conductor.