Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.

Abstract: A receiver is provided. The receiver includes: a first decoder configured to decode a superposition-coded signal by using a parity check matrix to generate Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) information word bits and first parity bits corresponding to a first layer signal; an encoder configured to encode the LDPC information word bits and the first parity bits to generate second parity bits, or encode the LDPC information word bits to generate the first parity bits and the second parity bits, by using the parity check matrix; and a second decoder configured to decode a signal which is generated by removing the first layer signal, corresponding to the LDPC information word bits, the first parity bits, and the second parity bits, from the superposition-coded signal, to reconstruct bits transmitted through the second layer signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an integral self-monitoring soft actuator including a body portion configured to be driven by deformation due to stimulation; a first limiter integrally formed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the body portion to limit deformation of the body portion in the longitudinal direction; a second limiter that limits deformation of the body portion in the radial direction by including at least a pair of electrodes in a spiral shape integrally provided on the outer surface of the body portion; and a controller for controlling motion of the body portion, wherein the controller self-monitors deformation of the body portion by self-sensing changes in the intervals between the electrodes according to deformation of the body portion. According to the above configuration, deformation of the body portion may be self-detected in real time using the second limiter integrally provided with the body portion, thereby improving control efficiency.

Abstract: A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: a segmenter configured to segment information bits into a plurality of blocks based on one of a plurality of preset reference values; an outer encoder configured to encode each of the plurality of blocks to generate first parity bits; and a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder configured to encode each of the plurality of blocks and the first parity bits to generate an LDPC codeword including second parity bits, wherein the one of the preset reference values is determined depending on at least one of a code rate used to encode each of the plurality of blocks and the first parity bits and whether to perform repetition of at least a part of the LDPC codeword in the LDPC codeword.

Abstract: A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder which encodes input bits including outer encoded bits to generate an LDPC codeword including the input bits and parity bits to be transmitted to a receiver in a current frame; a puncturer which punctures a part of the parity bits which is not transmitted in the current frame; and an additional parity generator which selects at least a part of the parity bits to generate additional parity bits transmitted to the receiver in a previous frame of the current frame, wherein a number of the additional parity bits is determined based on a number of the outer encoded bits and a number of the parity bits left after the puncturing.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.

Abstract: A current stimulator includes a first current generation circuit configured to generate a first current, injectable into a cranial nerve cell, through a current mirroring based on a plurality of transistor pairs; and a second current generation circuit, driven by a clock, configured to generate a second current smaller than the first current by controlling a charge rate based on a voltage difference between terminals of a capacitor. A first output impedance of the first current generation circuit and a second output impedance of the second current generation circuit have a magnitude greater than or equal to a predetermined ratio to a load impedance corresponding to the cranial nerve cell.

Abstract: A robot hand module includes a thumb module, a plurality of finger modules, and a palm part to which the thumb module and the finger modules are coupled. The thumb module and the finger modules each include a phalangeal part movably coupled to the palm part, a cable part having a first side connected to the phalangeal part, and a driving part connected to a second side of the cable part and configured to operate the phalangeal part by extending the cable part to the outside or retracting the cable part, wherein each of the driving parts includes an inlet region from which the cable part is extended to the outside, and wherein an acute angle is defined between a first direction in which the inlet region is directed toward the outside and a second direction in which the driving parts are disposed.

Abstract: An embodiment apparatus includes a wire unit surrounding a shoulder of a wearer, a clutch unit penetrated by the wire unit and disposed on a route along which the wire unit extends, and a support unit having a first side rotatably connected to the clutch unit and a second side supporting an elbow of the wearer.

Abstract: A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: an outer encoder configured to encode input bits to generate outer-encoded bits including the input bits and parity bits; a zero padder configured to generate a plurality of bit groups each of which is formed of a same number of bits, maps the outer-encoded bits to some of the bits in the bit groups, and pads zero bits to remaining bits in the bit groups, based on a predetermined shortening pattern, thereby to constitute Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) information bits; and an LDPC encoder configured to encode the LDPC information bits, wherein the remaining bits in which zero bits are padded include some of the bit groups which are not sequentially disposed in the LDPC information bits.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus is provided. The encoding includes a low density parity check (LDPC) encoder which performs LDPC encoding on input bits based on a parity-check matrix to generate an LDPC codeword formed of 64,800 bits, in which the parity-check matrix includes an information word sub-matrix and a parity sub-matrix, the information word sub-matrix is formed of a group of a plurality of column blocks each including 360 columns, and the parity-check matrix and the information word sub-matrix are defined by various tables which represent positions of value one (1) present in every 360-th column.

Abstract: A rehabilitation exercise device for upper and lower limbs includes: a first support supporting a user's hand or foot; a second support supporting a user's forearm or calf; a pair of first hinges rotatably connecting the first support and the second support to each other; a third support supporting a user's upper arm or thigh; a pair of second hinges rotatably connecting the second support and the third support to each other; a drive module selectively mounted on any one of the pair of first hinges and the pair of second hinges, and configured to pivot the first support or the second support; and a mounting position detecting part detecting a mounting position where the drive module is mounted from among the pair of first hinges and the pair of second hinges.

Abstract: Provided is a recombinant expression vector containing a hybrid signal sequence and a method for secretory production of a human insulin-like growth factor-1 using the same. A heterologous signal sequence that significantly improves secretory expression of the human insulin-like growth factor-1 (hIGF1) is introduced into Komagataella phaffii, which is a unicellular eukaryotic cell, used as a host, such that various types of available signal sequences may be secured, and significantly improved secretion productivity may be achieved.

Abstract: A transmitter is provided. The transmitter includes: a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder configured to encode outer-encoded bits to generate an LDPC codeword including LDPC information bits and parity bits; a puncturer configured to puncture some of the parity bits included in the LDPC codeword; and a mapper configured to map the LDPC codeword except the punctured parity bits to symbols for transmission to a receiver, wherein the puncturer calculates a number of parity bits to be punctured among the parity bits included in the LDPC codeword based on a number of the outer-encoded bits, a number of the LDPC information bits, and a minimum number of parity bits to be punctured among the parity bits included in the LDPC codeword.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword by LDPC encoding based on a parity check matrix; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) codeword by performing LDPC encoding; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to modulate the interleaved LDPC codeword according to a modulation method to generate a modulation symbol. The interleaver includes a block interleaver formed of a plurality of columns each comprising a plurality of rows, and the block interleaver is configured to divide the plurality of columns into at least two parts and interleave the LDPC codeword.

Abstract: A method for communicating data by an electronic device is provided. The method includes transmitting a signal including audio/video (A/V) data to a first external electronic device through a first communication module, while connected with the first external electronic device, generating data or a signal unrelated to the A/V data or receiving the data or signal unrelated to the A/V data from an external electronic device other than the first external electronic device, and providing an audio or a video through a display or an embedded sound device based on at least a portion of the data or the signal unrelated to the A/V data or transmitting the at least a portion of the data or the signal unrelated to the A/V data to a second external electronic device through a second communication module.

Abstract: Provided are a beam tracking module, a free-space quantum communication device, and a free-space optical communication device. The beam tracking module for free-space quantum communication includes a controller configured to determine a divergence angle of a reference beam on the basis of divergence angle control data, a beam path control optical part configured to output the reference beam, and a beam transmitter configured to adjust the divergence angle through the beam path control optical part so that the reference beam having the determined divergence angle is output.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme.

Abstract: Proposed is an apparatus for inserting an electrode assembly, the apparatus including a clamping unit configured to clamp or unclamp the electrode assembly, and an articulated robot including one or more links rotatably connected to each other by joint shafts and configured to mount the clamping unit on a front link. Here, the electrode assembly is inclinedly introduced and accommodated in a pouch through an open space between an upper pouch and a lower pouch. In addition, proposed is a method of inserting an electrode assembly using the above-described apparatus.