Abstract: A device for cooling air between a garment and wearer of the garment, and a protective apparel cooling system, wherein the device comprises a cooling unit comprising a plurality of heat transfer modules for cooling the air, and one or more fan(s) for advancing the air through the heat transfer modules, wherein each heat transfer module comprises a sealable volume for the placement of phase change material for cooling the air, and a channel through the sealable volume that forms an air passageway that is in fluid communication with at least one of the one or more fan(s); wherein the channel further comprises a plurality of interior fins extending from an inner channel wall into the air passageway, and a plurality of exterior fins extending from an outer channel wall into the sealable volume; wherein heat can transfer from air in the air passageway to any phase change material in the sealable volume.

Abstract: A toner refill cartridge includes a main body including an inner space in which toner is received and a toner discharge portion through which the toner is discharged, a piston coupled to the main body to be movable in a first direction along the inner space and configured to push the toner to the outside of the main body through the toner discharge portion, a plunger configured to push the piston in the first direction, the plunger including a plurality of segment members. At least two adjacent segment members are switchable from a retraction state where the at least two adjacent segment members overlap each other in the first direction and an extension state where the at least two adjacent segment members extend in a second direction opposite to the first direction. A first locking portion locks the at least two adjacent segment members in the extension state.

Abstract: A toner refill cartridge includes a main body including an inner space in which toner is received and a toner discharge portion through which the toner is discharged, a piston coupled to the main body to be movable in a first direction along the inner space and configured to push the toner to the outside of the main body through the toner discharge portion, a plunger configured to push the piston in the first direction, the plunger including a plurality of segment members. At least two adjacent segment members are switchable from a retraction state where the at least two adjacent segment members overlap each other in the first direction and an extension state where the at least two adjacent segment members extend in a second direction opposite to the first direction. A first locking portion locks the at least two adjacent segment members in the extension state.

Abstract: Provided is a method of detecting release of a development nip of an image forming apparatus that includes a photoconductor and a developing roller to contact each other to form a development nip and to be away from each other to release the development nip. The method includes obtaining a reference load, after charging the photoconductor in a state in which the development nip is formed, by measuring a load of a transfer system including the photoconductor and a transfer roller, release the development nip and blocking light irradiated from an exposing unit to the photoconductor, obtaining a detected load by measuring a load of the transfer system after exposing the photoconductor, and determining whether the development nip is normally released based on the reference load and the detected load.

Abstract: A development cartridge detachable from a main body of an image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive unit including a photosensitive drum and a developing unit including a developing roller. The developing unit is coupled to the photosensitive unit such that the developing unit is movable to a development position where a development nip forms by contact between the developing roller and the photosensitive drum and movable to a release position where the development nip is released. The development cartridge further includes a pressurizing unit movable to a first position where the pressurizing unit applies an elastic force to the developing unit in a direction such that the developing unit is maintained in the development position, and movable to a second position where the pressurizing unit applies an elastic force to the developing unit in a direction such that the developing unit is maintained in the release position.

Abstract: Provided is a method of detecting release of a development nip of an image forming apparatus that includes a photoconductor and a developing roller to contact each other to form a development nip and to be away from each other to release the development nip. The method includes obtaining a reference load, after charging the photoconductor in a state in which the development nip is formed, by measuring a load of a transfer system including the photoconductor and a transfer roller, release the development nip and blocking light irradiated from an exposing unit to the photoconductor, obtaining a detected load by measuring a load of the transfer system after exposing the photoconductor, and determining whether the development nip is normally released based on the reference load and the detected load.

Abstract: A development cartridge detachable from a main body of an image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive unit including a photosensitive drum and a developing unit including a developing roller. The developing unit is coupled to the photosensitive unit such that the developing unit is movable to a development position where a development nip forms by contact between the developing roller and the photosensitive drum and movable to a release position where the development nip is released. The development cartridge further includes a pressurizing unit movable to a first position where the pressurizing unit applies an elastic force to the developing unit in a direction such that the developing unit is maintained in the development position, and movable to a second position where the pressurizing unit applies an elastic force to the developing unit in a direction such that the developing unit is maintained in the release position.

Abstract: A cartridge detachably attachable to a main body of an image forming apparatus is provided. The cartridge includes a rotary member and a cartridge coupler. The cartridge coupler includes a transmission member coupled to a rotation axis of the rotary member, a receiving member connected to a set coupler provided in the main body for transmission of power, and a connection member connecting the transmission member and the receiving member together. The receiving member has an Oldham structure allowing movement relative to the transmission member in an axial direction. The receiving member is movable to a first position at which a rotation axis of the receiving member is misaligned with a rotation axis of the transmission member in an attachment or detachment direction, and to a second position at which the rotation axis of the receiving member is aligned with the rotation axis of the transmission member.

Abstract: A method for supporting schedule management is provided. The method includes collecting history data with respect to the implementation of the schedule by a user; in reference to the collected history data, estimating a pattern with respect to the implementation of the schedule of the user or another user related to the user; and, in reference to the estimated pattern, setting a policy to be applied to schedule management of the user or the another user.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, provided is a method for analyzing an emotion on the basis of a position related document. The method includes generating a position related document with reference to content collected from at least one user terminal device or at least one server and position information related to the content; calculating an object-emotion score for each topic at positions related to the generated position related document; and determining, with reference to the object-emotion score for each topic at a first position, a predicted preference level of a user positioned at the first position with respect to at least one topic.

Abstract: A method for providing a schedule-related notification, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is provided. The method includes the steps of: collecting information about the attribute of a notification provided for a user and/or information about a situation in which the notification is provided and collecting information about the user's response to the notification; and, in reference to the collected information., adaptively controlling at least a part of the attribute of the notification provided for the user.

Abstract: Provided is a process cartridge attachable to and detachable from a main body of an image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes at least one roller, sidewalls on an axial direction of the at least one roller, and a first cartridge electric contact and a second cartridge electric contact provided on the sidewalls. One of the first cartridge electric contact and the second cartridge electric contact is a fixed electric contact, and the other is a movable electric contact that is movable in a direction protruding from the sidewalls.

Abstract: Provided is a process cartridge attachable to and detachable from a main body of an image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes at least one roller, sidewalls on an axial direction of the at least one roller, and a first cartridge electric contact and a second cartridge electric contact provided on the sidewalls. One of the first cartridge electric contact and the second cartridge electric contact is a fixed electric contact, and the other is a movable electric contact that is movable in a direction protruding from the sidewalls.

Abstract: A cartridge detachably attachable to a main body of an image forming apparatus is provided. The cartridge includes a rotary member and a cartridge coupler. The cartridge coupler includes a transmission member coupled to a rotation axis of the rotary member, a receiving member connected to a set coupler provided in the main body for transmission of power, and a connection member connecting the transmission member and the receiving member together. The receiving member has an Oldham structure allowing movement relative to the transmission member in an axial direction. The receiving member is movable to a first position at which a rotation axis of the receiving member is misaligned with a rotation axis of the transmission member in an attachment or detachment direction, and to a second position at which the rotation axis of the receiving member is aligned with the rotation axis of the transmission member.

Abstract: Provided is a developing cartridge including a photosensitive unit and a developing unit connected to each other to rotate to a developing location and a non-developing location. An elastic member applies an elastic force to the developing unit and the photosensitive unit in a direction of rotating to the developing location. The developing cartridge includes a nip separating portion switched to a nip forming location where the developing unit is located at the developing location and to a nip separating location where the developing unit is located at the non-developing location, a manipulation portion for switching the nip separating portion to the nip forming location and to the nip separating location by a manual manipulation, and a nip forming unit for switching the nip separating portion from the nip separating location to the nip forming location as the photosensitive unit and the developing unit start to operate.