Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition which includes (R)—N-[1-(3,5-difluoro-4-methansulfonylamino-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-(2-propyl-6-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-3-yl)-acrylamide as a first component and a cellulosic polymer as a second component, wherein the composition of one aspect of the present disclosure has a formulation characteristic in which crystal formation is delayed for a long time.

Abstract: A shaping encoder capable of improving the performance of PCS in nonlinear optical channels by performing the shaping in two or more stages. In an example embodiment, a first stage employs a shaping code of a relatively short block length, which is typically beneficial for nonlinear optical channels but may cause a significant penalty in the energy efficiency. A second stage then employs a shaping code of a much larger block length, which significantly reduces or erases the penalty associated with the short block length of the first stage while providing an additional benefit of good performance in substantially linear optical channels. In at least some embodiments, the shaping encoder may have relatively low circuit-implementation complexity and/or relatively low cost and provide relatively high energy efficiency and relatively high shaping gain for a variety of optical channels, including but not limited to the legacy dispersion-managed fiber-optic links.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus from sewage and wastewater through a combination of a biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process using nitrite nitrogen and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation process. An objective of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in which, by inducing a denitritation- and nitritation-based biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process in a bioreactor and applying an anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, nitrogen and phosphorus can be economically and effectively removed without separately injecting organic materials.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE).

Abstract: A shaping encoder capable of improving the performance of PCS in nonlinear optical channels by performing the shaping in two or more stages. In an example embodiment, a first stage employs a shaping code of a relatively short block length, which is typically beneficial for nonlinear optical channels but may cause a significant penalty in the energy efficiency. A second stage then employs a shaping code of a much larger block length, which significantly reduces or erases the penalty associated with the short block length of the first stage while providing an additional benefit of good performance in substantially linear optical channels. In at least some embodiments, the shaping encoder may have relatively low circuit-implementation complexity and/or relatively low cost and provide relatively high energy efficiency and relatively high shaping gain for a variety of optical channels, including but not limited to the legacy dispersion-managed fiber-optic links.

Abstract: A communication system in which multiple shaping codes are selectively and iteratively used to encode a data frame such that possible energy inefficiencies associated with the use of constant-probability codes and/or transmission of dummy constellation symbols can be relatively small. In an example embodiment, the used shaping codes have different respective code rates, and a code selector of the shaping encoder operates to select one of the shaping codes by adaptively matching the rate of the code to the effective rate needed to efficiently encode the unprocessed portion of the data frame. The encoding is carried out in a manner that enables the shaping decoder to unequivocally determine the shaping codes that have been used for encoding each particular data frame based on the same rate-matching criteria as those used by the shaping encoder. At least some embodiments advantageously lend themselves to being implemented using circuits of relatively low complexity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transfer rate after a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). A method for operating of a transmitting end in a wireless communication system includes allocating a first resource for a first service and a second resource for a second service, determining a precoder for controlling interference between the first service and the second service, precoding a first signal for the first service using the precoder, and transmitting the precoded first signal and a second signal for the second service through the first resource and the second resource. At least one part of the first resource overlaps with the second resource.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE).

Abstract: An optical data transmitter comprising two or more serially connected optical modulators, each driven using a respective DAC. The digital signals applied to the individual DACs are produced using different respective subsets of the set of bitstreams representing the digital waveform or data stream to be transmitted, with the bitstream subsets being selected, e.g., such that (i) each of the individual DACs is able to support the digital resolution and sampling rate needed for properly handling the subset of bitstreams applied thereto and (ii) differences between average driving powers applied to different optical modulators are relatively small. In different embodiments, the two or more serially connected optical modulators can be arranged for generating optical communication signals of different modulation formats, e.g., PSK, ASK, PAM, IM, and QAM. Some embodiments can advantageously be used for generating optical communication signals employing constellations of relatively large sizes, e.g.

Abstract: A communication system in which probabilistic signal shaping and FEC coding are jointly applied in a manner that enables the use of substantially any constellation template, e.g., a template in which the constellation symbols include a constellation symbol of zero amplitude and/or are arranged in an asymmetric manner. In an example embodiment, the transmitter's electronic encoder can be configured to apply two different respective shaping codes to the information bits and to the corresponding parity bits. The resulting shaped streams can then be appropriately multiplexed and transmitted over the optical communication channel to realize a significant shaping gain. Advantageously, the constellation template(s), two distribution matchers, and FEC code can be flexibly selected and/or adapted to achieve nearly optimal system operation under substantially arbitrary (e.g., arbitrarily bad) channel conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic commerce method. An electronic commerce method according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: receiving a purchase request signal from a buyer; transmitting the purchase request signal to a seller; receiving a video captured of the seller who has checked the purchase request signal; and transmitting the received video to the buyer.

Abstract: A communication system in which multiple shaping codes are selectively and iteratively used to encode a data frame such that possible energy inefficiencies associated with the use of constant-probability codes and/or transmission of dummy constellation symbols can be relatively small. In an example embodiment, the used shaping codes have different respective code rates, and a code selector of the shaping encoder operates to select one of the shaping codes by adaptively matching the rate of the code to the effective rate needed to efficiently encode the unprocessed portion of the data frame. The encoding is carried out in a manner that enables the shaping decoder to unequivocally determine the shaping codes that have been used for encoding each particular data frame based on the same rate-matching criteria as those used by the shaping encoder. At least some embodiments advantageously lend themselves to being implemented using circuits of relatively low complexity.

Abstract: We disclose a transmitter that uses at least first and second fixed constellations in which the same bit-words are assigned to different respective constellation symbols of different respective transmit energies. The transmitter generates an outgoing data frame by first generating two data frames using the first and second constellations, respectively, and then selecting the one of the two data frames that has the lower overall transmit energy and discarding the other. The first and second constellations are constructed in a manner that enables the transmitter to realize a significant shaping gain. Some embodiments of the transmitter are compatible with the use of forward-error-correction coding and provide a shaping gain for the transmission of both information and parity bits. An example embodiment of the transmitter can advantageously be implemented with relatively low complexity by employing constellation mappers and demappers that operate using relatively small look-up tables.

Abstract: A method and a device for switching a media renderer to another media renderer while a client performs streaming playback of content of a server are provided. Accordingly, a first client that performs streaming playback of the content transmits playback environment information and a URL of the content to the second client, and the second client transmits the received information and information about features of the second client to the server and requests the corresponding content which has the optimized format for the second client from the server. Therefore, a user can continue to watch the media content through a new media renderer in existing playback environment setting without additional manipulation.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a communication module configured to request from at least one peripheral electronic device to transmit device information, and to receive the device information from the at least one peripheral electronic device. The electronic device also includes a control module configured to analyze attributes of content using content information if a content providing event occurs, to analyze attributes of the at least one peripheral electronic device using the device information and the attributes of the electronic device, and to determine at least one target device to provide the content to a user, according to the result of analyzing the attributes of the content and the result of analyzing the attributes of the electronic device and the at least one peripheral electronic device.

Abstract: A communication system in which probabilistic signal shaping and FEC coding are jointly applied in a manner that enables the use of substantially any constellation template, e.g., a template in which the constellation symbols include a constellation symbol of zero amplitude and/or are arranged in an asymmetric manner. In an example embodiment, the transmitter's electronic encoder can be configured to apply two different respective shaping codes to the information bits and to the corresponding parity bits. The resulting shaped streams can then be appropriately multiplexed and transmitted over the optical communication channel to realize a significant shaping gain. Advantageously, the constellation template(s), two distribution matchers, and FEC code can be flexibly selected and/or adapted to achieve nearly optimal system operation under substantially arbitrary (e.g., arbitrarily bad) channel conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for estimating a parameter of a multi path signal. The apparatus for estimating a parameter of a multi path signal includes: a plurality of pre-processing units configured to pre-process respective reception signals received through a plurality of antennas; a plurality of parameter converting units configured to approximate a parameter set of the respective pre-processed reception signals to have a sparse characteristic in a Doppler frequency and angle of arrival domain; and a parameter estimating unit configured to estimate an angle of arrival for a plurality of reception signals in each frequency region of the Doppler frequency and angle of arrival domain.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as long-term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes applying a filter to data, mapping the data to which the filter is applied to at least one subcarrier, and transmitting the mapped data to a receiver. The filter is determined based on based on the allocated resource.

Abstract: A communication system in which probabilistic signal shaping and FEC coding are jointly applied using a partial amplitude-shaping scheme, under which bit-words representing binary labels of the transmitted amplitudes may have (i) a fixed number of amplitude most-significant bits (MSBs) generated using a shaping code and (ii) a fixed number of amplitude least-significant bits (LSBs) generated using an FEC code, e.g., without the shaping code being applied thereto. In various embodiments, the transmitted constellation symbols can carry, as sign bits, some original information bits and/or the parity bits generated by FEC-encoding some combination of the MSBs, the LSBs, and said some original information bits. Some embodiments are compatible with convolutional FEC codes, such as the trellis-coded modulation. Some embodiments can be used in communication systems relying on discrete multi-tone modulation, such as the systems providing DSL access over subscriber lines.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-generation (4G) communication system, such as long-term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes applying a filter to data, mapping the data to which the filter is applied to at least one subcarrier, and transmitting the mapped data to a receiver. The filter is determined based on based on the allocated resource.