Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for detecting a presence of a mismatched pair in an oligonucleotide duplex that is attached to a solid substrate using an atomic force microscope. In particular, methods and apparatuses of the invention allow qualitative and quantitative analysis of the presence of a mismatched pair in a sample of oligonucleotide duplex using an atomic force microscope comprising an AFM cantilever that includes a DNA mismatch repair protein. Methods and apparatuses of the invention allow detection of gene mutation without a need for amplification, labeling, or modification of the sample. Such apparatuses and methods can be used in a wide variety of clinical diagnostic applications including detection and/or analysis of biomarkers related to, but not limited to, cancer, trauma, sepsis, aseptic inflammation, myocardial infarction, stroke, transplantation, diabetes, sickle cell disease, as well as other clinical conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of a target molecule using nitrocellulose membrane (NCM). In particular, the present invention provides a porous nitrocellulose membrane that includes a surface and an organic nanostructured molecule that is non-covalently attached to the surface of NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule has a branched region that includes a plurality of terminal region (e.g., terminal end) moieties that are non-covalently attached or bound to a surface of the porous NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule also comprises a linear region that includes a covalently attached capture molecule that is adapted to selectively bind to a target molecule. The NCM of the invention provides an improved reproducibility, reliability, and selectivity compared an NCM in the absence of the organic nanostructured molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of a target molecule using nitrocellulose membrane (NCM). In particular, the present invention provides a porous nitrocellulose membrane that includes a surface and an organic nanostructured molecule that is non-covalently attached to the surface of NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule has a branched region that includes a plurality of terminal region (e.g., terminal end) moieties that are non-covalently attached or bound to a surface of the porous NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule also comprises a linear region that includes a covalently attached capture molecule that is adapted to selectively bind to a target molecule. The NCM of the invention provides an improved reproducibility, reliability, and selectivity compared an NCM in the absence of the organic nanostructured molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for detecting the presence of and/or determining the amount of a label-free microRNA using an atomic force microscope. The method is extremely selective and/or ultrasensitive. In particular, the present invention provides a cantilever comprising a probe that selectively binds to a double strand of DNA/RNA hybrid complex. The probe comprises a hybrid binding domain (HBD) or a variant thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved method of quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of a target molecule using nitrocellulose membrane (NCM). In particular, the present invention provides a porous nitrocellulose membrane that includes a surface and an organic nanostructured molecule that is non-covalently attached to the surface of NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule has a branched region that includes a plurality of terminal region (e.g., terminal end) moieties that are non-covalently attached or bound to a surface of the porous NCM. The organic nanostructured molecule also comprises a linear region that includes a covalently attached capture molecule that is adapted to selectively bind to a target molecule. The NCM of the invention provides an improved reproducibility, reliability, and selectivity compared an NCM in the absence of the organic nanostructured molecule.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a first electrode on a planarization layer, an organic emission layer on the first electrode, a first bank and a second bank on the planarization layer and configured to surround the organic emission layer, and an anti-moisture unit on a portion of the planarization layer and a portion of the second bank, wherein the anti-moisture unit is configured to suppress moisture permeation through the second bank and the planarization layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for ultrasensitive quantitative analysis of a DNA biomarker, and more particularly, provides a method and a kit for quantitative analysis of target DNA using an atomic force microscope. The DNA quantification according to the present invention enables the quantification of target DNA at low concentration, which has been difficult to carry out by a conventional method, through adhesion force mapping by using an atomic force microscope, and does not result in DNA amplification and transformation nor require the use of a fluorescent marker. In particular, the method applies the size optimization of a probe DNA spot generated to capture target DNA, thereby enabling the quantitative analysis of ten or less target DNA molecules on various substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a regenerated cellulose membrane (RCM) that is useful in analysis of a sample for the presence of or the amount of a target molecule present in the sample. The invention also provides a method for producing and using the same. The RCM of the invention has a plurality of RCM functional groups on its surface in which a linker is covalently attached. The linker has a distal end and a proximal end, where the proximal end comprises at least one RCM linking functional group such that the RCM linking functional group is attached to the RCM functional group. The distal end of the linker comprises a receptor linking functional group that is used to covalently attach a receptor molecule. The receptor molecule is adapted for binding to a target molecule of interest when the target molecule is present in the sample. The RCM of the invention can be used for quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of a target molecule within the sample.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for detecting the presence of and/or determining the amount of a label-free microRNA using an atomic force microscope. The method is extremely selective and/or ultrasensitive. In particular, the present invention provides a cantilever comprising a probe that selectively binds to a double strand of DNA/RNA hybrid complex. The probe comprises a hybrid binding domain (HBD) or a variant thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides solid supports comprising a surface bound array of dendrons and methods for using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides solid supports comprising a surface bound array of dendrons and methods for using the same.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a first electrode on a planarization layer, an organic emission layer on the first electrode, a first bank and a second bank on the planarization layer and configured to surround the organic emission layer, and an anti-moisture unit on a portion of the planarization layer and a portion of the second bank, wherein the anti-moisture unit is configured to suppress moisture permeation through the second bank and the planarization layer.

Abstract: The present application discloses a substrate that includes a molecular layer of regularly spaced size-controlled macromolecules comprising a polymer comprising branched and linear regions in which a plurality of termini on the branched region are bound to the substrate, and a terminus of the linear region is functionalized.

Abstract: The present patent application describes a cantilever for atomic force microscopy (AFM), which includes a cantilever body having a fixed end and a free end, the free end having a surface region being chemically modified by a dendron in which a plurality of termini of the branched region of the dendron are bound to the surface, and a terminus of the linear region of the dendron is functionalized.

Abstract: A flat panel display device and method of manufacturing the display device. The display device comprises a first substrate and a connection pad located along a side of the first substrate. A second substrate overlaps with the first substrate, wherein the second substrate does not overlap with an exposed portion of the first substrate. A first contact pad electrically couples the second substrate and the first substrate. A first distance from the side of the first substrate to a boundary between the exposed portion of the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than a second distance from the side of the first substrate to the first contact pad. The display device may be, for example, a touch capable display device that uses the first contact pad to transfer touch sensing signals from the second substrate to the first substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing an oligonucleotide on a solid substrate surface and methods for using the same. Some aspects of the invention provide methods for selecting a single DNA molecule reproducibily with an atomic force microscope (AFM).

Abstract: The present patent application describes a cantilever for atomic force microscopy (AFM), which includes a cantilever body having a fixed end and a free end, the free end having a surface region being chemically modified by a dendron in which a plurality of termini of the branched region of the dendron are bound to the surface, and a terminus of the linear region of the dendron is functionalized.

Abstract: The present patent application describes a cantilever for atomic force microscopy (AFM), which includes a cantilever body having a fixed end and a free end, the free end having a surface region being chemically modified by a dendron in which a plurality of termini of the branched region of the dendron are bound to the surface, and a terminus of the linear region of the dendron is functionalized.

Abstract: A flat panel display device and method of manufacturing the display device. The display device comprises a first substrate and a connection pad located along a side of the first substrate. A second substrate overlaps with the first substrate, wherein the second substrate does not overlap with an exposed portion of the first substrate. A first contact pad electrically couples the second substrate and the first substrate. A first distance from the side of the first substrate to a boundary between the exposed portion of the first substrate and the second substrate is greater than a second distance from the side of the first substrate to the first contact pad. The display device may be, for example, a touch capable display device that uses the first contact pad to transfer touch sensing signals from the second substrate to the first substrate.