Abstract: Methods for selecting single or multiple aptamer pairs against target molecules in free solution have been developed. These methods utilize novel cooperative evolution approaches to select aptamer pairs against one or more targets, in which the pairing of one or more aptamers upon target binding triggers aptamer amplifiability. In this manner, the enrichment of aptamer ligands through one or multiple rounds of the selection process is based predominantly upon target-driven close proximity of aptamers in free solution. Target binding and enrichment are coupled using either positive or negative selection methods. These techniques should be generally applicable to many different types of target molecules, providing alternatives to antibodies, drugs, or other binding molecules for analytical, preparative, and therapeutic purposes.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including the step of thermally scanning a sample that can be used and implemented to detect the presence of and/or concentration of a molecule in a sample.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods including the step of thermally scanning a sample that can be used and implemented to detect the presence of and/or concentration of a molecule in a sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flowering-time and/or stem elongation regulator isolated from rice, which is selected from OsMADS50, OsMADSS1, OsMADS56, OsMADS14, OsTRX1, OsVIN1, OsCOL4 and OsCOLS, a DNA construct containing the regulator, a transgenic plant, a part thereof, and plant cell transformed with the DNA construct, and method to control flowering-time and/or stem elongation using the regulator. In the present invention, the flowering-time and/or stem elongation can be controlled, and thereby, various agricultural benefits obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flowering-time and/or stem elongation regulator isolated from rice, which is selected from OsMADS50, OsMADSS1, OsMADS56, OsMADS14, OsTRX1, OsVIN1, OsCOL4 and OsCOLS, a DNA construct containing the regulator, a transgenic plant, a part thereof, and plant cell transformed with the DNA construct, and method to control flowering-time and/or stem elongation using the regulator. In the present invention, the flowering-time and/or stem elongation can be controlled, and thereby, various agricultural benefits obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flowering-time and/or stem elongation regulator isolated from rice, which is selected from OsMADS50, OsMADSS1, OsMADS56, OsMADS14, OsTRX1, OsVIN1, OsCOL4 and OsCOLS, a DNA construct containing the regulator, a transgenic plant, a part thereof, and plant cell transformed with the DNA construct, and method to control flowering-time and/or stem elongation using the regulator. In the present invention, the flowering-time and/or stem elongation can be controlled, and thereby, various agricultural benefits obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genes, proteins and methods comprising carotenoid monooxygenases in the cytochrome P450 family. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to altering carotenoid ratios in plants and microorganisms using LUT1 ?-hydroxylases and/or CYP97A ?-hydroxylases.