Abstract: A shock absorbing liner or sock that has an opening, a closed liner distal end, and sidewalls. The distal end further comprises a distal region that is knitted with spacer fabric to the same circumference as the liner or sock or is configured to conform to specific areas of a foot; preferably, (1) the toe region leaving out the big toe region, (2) the metatarsal head (MTH) 1 region leaving out the MTHs 2-3 region and the MTHs 4-5 region, (3) the medial mid-foot region, (4) the lateral mid-foot region, and (5) the lateral heel region leaving out the medial heel region. The spacer fabric is preferred as a 2×2 knit outer wall with a 1×3 inner wall made using a number of knitting steps described herein but may be a multitude of configurations allowing for a continuous seamless shape in three dimensions.

Abstract: A shock absorbing covering that has an opening, a closed liner distal end, and sidewalls. The distal end further comprises a distal region that is knitted with spacer fabric to the same circumference as the liner or sock or is configured to conform to specific areas of a foot; preferably, (1) the toe region leaving out the big toe region, (2) the metatarsal head (MTH) 1 region leaving out the MTHs 2-3 region and the MTHs 4-5 region, (3) the medial mid-foot region, (4) the lateral mid-foot region, and (5) the lateral heel region leaving out the medial heel region. The spacer fabric is preferred as a 2×2 knit outer wall with a 1×3 inner wall made using a number of knitting steps described herein but may be a multitude of configurations allowing for a continuous seamless shape in three dimensions. An alternative yarn may be used that is coated in poly(vinyl alcohol) that expands after being washed to create shock absorbing expansion pockets.

Abstract: A shock absorbing liner or sock that has an opening, a closed liner distal end, and sidewalls. The distal end further comprises a distal region that is knitted with spacer fabric to the same circumference as the liner or sock or is configured to conform to specific areas of a foot; preferably, (1) the toe region leaving out the big toe region, (2) the metatarsal head (MTH) 1 region leaving out the MTHs 2-3 region and the MTHs 4-5 region, (3) the medial mid-foot region, (4) the lateral mid-foot region, and (5) the lateral heel region leaving out the medial heel region. The spacer fabric is preferred as a 2×2 knit outer wall with a 1×3 inner wall made using a number of knitting steps described herein but may be a multitude of configurations allowing for a continuous seamless shape in three dimensions.