Abstract: The invention relates to fixing means for fixing railway lines to sleepers or stretches of track, comprising an elastic rail clip (51) and a clip anchor element (31). According to the invention, the elastic rail clip (51) has retaining elements that can be inserted into the clip anchor element (31) and guided into the latter by being rotated about a rotational axis (D) and at least one pressure bow (52), which can be brought into pre-tensioned contact with the foot (24) of a railway line (21), when the elastic rail clip is rotated (51) about the rotational axis (D) in relation to the clip anchor element (31). The elastic rail clip (51) has essentially annular clip bows (55, 56) that act as the retaining elements and the clip anchor element (31) has guide elements (34) that are concentric with the rotational axis (D).

Abstract: The invention relates to fixing means for fixing railway lines to sleepers or stretches of track, comprising an elastic rail clip (51) and a clip anchor element (31). According to the invention, the elastic rail clip (51) has retaining elements that can be inserted into the clip anchor element (31) and guided into the latter by being rotated about a rotational axis (D) and at least one pressure bow (52), which can be brought into pre-tensioned contact with the foot (24) of a railway line (21), when the elastic rail clip is rotated (51) about the rotational axis (D) in relation to the clip anchor element (31). The elastic rail clip (51) has essentially annular clip bows (55, 56) that act as the retaining elements and the clip anchor element (31) has guide elements (34) that are concentric with the rotational axis (D).

Abstract: A spring plate for a valve spring of an internal combustion engine, which spring plate can be connected directly to the valve stem of a charge changing valve while engaging an annular groove in the valve stem. An annular disc 12 is arranged on the valve spring and two supporting tongues which are directed radially inwardly from the annular disc and whose inner ends, in a plan view of the spring plate, comprise recesses for engaging an annular groove.

Abstract: A spring plate for a valve spring of an internal combustion engine, which spring plate can be connected directly to the valve stem of a charge changing valve while engaging an annular groove in the valve stem. An annular disc is arranged on the valve spring and two supporting tongues which are directed radially inwardly from the annular disc and whose inner ends, in a plan view of the spring plate, comprise recesses for engaging an annular groove.

Abstract: Disclosed is a subassembly comprising a braking system which generates friction-induced vibrations. At least one component of the subassembly is exposed to the friction-induced vibrations. Said component can be embodied as a brake pad (9) which is provided with a support plate (5) and a friction lining (10). The support plate (5) and the friction lining (10) form two hollow spaces which are filled with fillings (2) made of energy-absorbing material and are covered by a damping metal sheet (7). The fillings (2) dissipate vibration energy when the brake lining vibrates, thereby contributing to preventing disturbing braking noise from being generated.