Abstract: The present invention relates to 25 hitherto undescribed genes of B. licheniformis and gene products derived thereform and all sufficiently homologous nucleic acids and proteins thereof. They occur in five different metabolic pathways for the formation of odorous substances. The metabolic pathways in question are for the synthesis of: 1) isovalerian acid (as part of the catabolism of leucine), 2) 2-methylbutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid (as part of the catabolism of valine and/or isoleucine), 3) butanol and/or butyric acid (as part of the metabolism of butyric acid), 4) propyl acid (as part of the metabolism of propionate) and/or 5) cadaverine and/or putrescine (as parts of the catabolism of lysine and/or arginine).

Abstract: The present invention relates to 25 hitherto undescribed genes of B. licheniformis and gene products derived therefrom and all sufficiently homologous nucleic acids and proteins thereof. They occur in five different metabolic pathways for the formation of odorous substances. The metabolic pathways in question are for the synthesis of: 1) isovalerian acid (as part of the catabolism of leucine), 2) 2-methylbutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid (as part of the catabolism of valine and/or isoleucine), 3) butanol and/or butyric acid (as part of the metabolism of butyric acid), 4) propyl acid (as part of the metabolism of propionate) and/or 5) cadaverine and/or putrescine (as parts of the catabolism of lysine and/or arginine).

Abstract: The invention relates to five or four novel genes and the gene products thereof from Bacillus licheniformis and sufficiently similar genes and proteins which are involved in vivo in the formation of polyamino acids. The gene in question is ywsC, ywsC?, ywtA, ywtB and ywtD or proteins coded thereby. The gene ywsC, ywsC?, ywtA and ywtB can be used to improve biotechnological production methods by microorganisms, wherein they are functionally inactivated; the gene ywtD which codes for a peptide decomposing poly-gamma glutamate can, inversely, contribute to the improvement of biotechnological production methods by increased expression. Said genes can be used positively, preferably to result in a modification or decomposition of poly-gamma glutamate.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleic acid-binding chips for monitoring bioprocesses, specifically for detecting nitrogen deficiencies. Said chips carry probes that are sensitive to at least three of the following 50 genes: kdgR, citA, htrA, ycn1, yppF, trpB, ggt, alsR, glnA, nrgA, yciC, yvtA, nrgB, ycnJ, glnR, yvlA, yncE, yvlB, trpF, ydfS, trpD, ycnK, trpB, trpC, nasD, ycdH, nasC, nasB, trpE, pckA, nasF, yrkC, and tnrA or the homolgs to SEQ ID NO: 91, 41, 53, 19, 55, 47, 21, 17, 9, 85, 45, 49, 95, 63, 15, 93, or 81 at a maximum of 80 different probes that are specific of nitrogen metabolism. The invention also relates to the use of corresponding gene probes, especially on the aforementioned chips, to corresponding methods and possible uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to the factor RecA from bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 (SEQ ID NO: 2), along with the associated gene recA (SEQ ID NO: 1), including related proteins and genes thereof, such as the variant indicated under SEQ ID NOS: 31 and 32, among others. According to the invention, gene recA is used for constructing gram-positive bacterial safety stems for biotechnological production, among other things, by inactivating the same in the respective stems. In a special embodiment, said stems are provided with additional functional deletions in phase-IV sporulation genes, preferably in gene SpoIV (in Bacillus licheniformis), gene yqfD (in B. subtilis), or the respective gene that is homologous thereto if said stems are naturally able to form spores. Furthermore, the inventive RecA represents a protein which can be used in molecular biological assays or for modulating the molecular biological activities of cells, especially in connection with DNA polymerization or recombination processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 25 hitherto undescribed genes of B. licheniformis and gene products derived therefrom and all sufficiently homologous nucleic acids and proteins thereof. They occur in five different metabolic pathways for the formation of odorous substances. The metabolic pathways in question are for the synthesis of: 1) isovalerian acid (as part of the catabolism of leucine), 2) 2-methylbutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid (as part of the catabolism of valine and/or isoleucine), 3) butanol and/or butyric acid (as part of the metabolism of butyric acid), 4) propyl acid (as part of the metabolism of propionate) and/or 5) cadaverine and/or putrescine (as parts of the catabolism of lysine and/or arginine).

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a selection system for microorganisms, which is based on the inactivation of an essential translocating enzyme and the curing of this inactivation by means of an indentically acting factor which is made available to the cells concerned by means of a vector. One important area of application for this system is includes processses for protein production by culturing cells of a microorganism strain that are characterized by this selection system, particularly such that the transgene of interest is located on the same vector performing the cure. Appropriate microorganisms, possible uses for genes of translocation enzymes and vectors are likewise presented, including in particular the use of the gene secA from gram-negative or gram-positive bacteria such as B. licheniformis.