Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forgery-proof labeling of items, such as credit cards, bank notes and the like, comprising the following steps: (a) applying, to a first layer (1) that reflects electromagnetic waves, an inert second layer (3) that is permeable to electromagnetic waves, said second layer having a predetermined thickness, (b) applying, to said second layer (3), a third layer (4) that is formed by metal clusters, and (c) linking the first layer (1) of the label so produced with the item.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for identifying a first polymer sequence bound to a first phase that reflects electromagnetic waves. The inventive method includes the following steps: a) bringing the first polymer sequence into contact with an affine second polymer sequence, which is directly or indirectly bound, via metallic clusters, to a solid second phase that is permeable to electromagnetic waves; b) radiating electromagnetic waves through the second phase, and; c) detecting the alteration of the properties of the reflected electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A device for the electrochemical detection of at least one biochemical molecule contained in a liquid from a group of predetermined biochemical molecules includes a holder (1) for taking up the liquid, with at least one reference electrode (RE) and at least one counterelectrode (GE) and a multiplicity of working electrodes (AE1, AE2, AE3). At least one working electrode is provided for the detection of each biochemical molecule, and is coated with a molecule that is complementary to the respective biochemical molecule, so that the biochemical molecules can be detected simultaneously. The device includes a potentiostat (P) for generating a predetermined voltage profile between the working electrodes and the reference electrode, a current/voltage converter (S1, S2, S3) connected downstream of each of the working electrodes for holding all of the working electrodes at the same potential, and a measurement device (Ad) for measuring the currents flowing through the working electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for identifying a first polymer (4, 7) which is bonded to a first phase (5) that reflects electromagnetic waves. Said method comprises the following steps: (a) bringing the first polymer (4, 7) into contact with a second polymer (3, 8), which is bonded to a solid second phase (1) by metallic clusters (2), said second phase being permeable to electromagnetic waves; (b) irradiating the second phase (1) with electromagnetic waves; and (c) determining the change in the properties of the reflected electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for conducting the parallel identification of different nucleic acids S. When nucleic acids S are present, primers are lengthened each of which having an intermediate segment z. The intermediate segment z is amplified by using a second primer pair and is specifically identified by hybridizing with a probe So.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (17) for detecting an analyte in a liquid having a multitude of electrodes (15), which are insulated from one another while being arranged on a first side (12) of an electrically non-conductive plate (10) that is impermeable to the liquid. Said electrodes (15) have, at least in part, an analyte-specific coating or analyte-specific molecules. Electrical conductors that pass through the plate (10) can, from a second side (14) of the plate, be electrically contacted and individually discharged. The coating or the molecules has/have a specific affinity to the analytes or to a substance formed due to the presence of the analyte. In addition, the device has no leakages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the electrochemical detection of at least one biochemical molecule—contained in a liquid—from a group of predetermined biochemical molecules, having a means (1) for taking up the liquid, said means having at least one reference electrode (RE) and at least one counterelectrode (GE) and also a multiplicity of working electrodes (AE1, AE2, AE3), at least one working electrode (AE1, AE2, AE3) being provided for the detection of each biochemical molecule, said working electrode being coated with a molecule that is complementary to the respective biochemical molecule, so that the biochemical molecules can be detected simultaneously, a potentiostat (P) for generating a predetermined voltage profile between the working electrodes (AE1, AE2, AE3) and the reference electrode (RE), a current/voltage converter (S1, S2, S3) being connected downstream of each of the working electrodes (AE1, AE2, AE3), the current/voltage converters (S1, S2, S3) holding all of the working electrodes

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carrying out a reaction in an unmoved liquid in a capillary which is open at at least one end, with gas bubbles forming in the liquid, with a detergent being added to the liquid for the purpose of changing at least one property of the gas bubbles which are being formed and with the capillary being arranged, or having been arranged, at at least an angle to the horizontal which is such that the gas bubbles in the capillary ascend to a surface of the liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting and/or quantifying a nucleic acid in a liquid. Said method comprises the following steps: a) either first microparticles and a probe having a specific affinity for the nucleic acid and for the first microparticles are prepared, or second microparticles are prepared having a probe which is bound to the surface thereof; b) a first solution containing the nucleic acid, the probe and the first microparticles is produced under conditions in which the probe binds to the nucleic acid and to the first microparticles, or a first solution containing the nucleic acid and the second microparticles is produced under conditions in which the nucleic acid binds to the probe; c) the first or second microparticles are separated from the first solution; and d) the nucleic acid is detected by means of an electrochemical method whereby the first or second microparticles are transferred into a second solution in order to detect the nucleic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forgery-proof labeling of items, such as credit cards, bank notes and the like, comprising the following steps: (a) applying, to a first layer (1) that reflects electromagnetic waves, an inert second layer (3) that is permeable to electromagnetic waves, said second layer having a predetermined thickness, (b) applying, to said second layer (3), a third layer (4) that is formed by metal clusters, and (c) linking the first layer (1) of the label so produced with the item.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to increase the sensitivity of a carbon electrode for electrochemically detecting an analyte without electrochemically conditioning the carbon electrode, wherein the method comprises treating the carbon electrode with an ionic detergent which is in solution, wherein the detergent is not incorporated in a coating of the electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting and/or quantifying first biopolymers contained in a liquid involving the following steps: a) providing an electrode with a surface which is made of plastic and which is coated with second biopolymers that have a specific affinity to the first biopoymers to be detected; b) bringing the electrode into contact with the liquid; c) applying a predetermined voltage protocol to the electrode in order to effect a concentration of the first biopolymers on the second biopolymers; d) adding osmium tetroxide and bipyridine to the liquid, and; e) measuring the redox signal coming off the electrode.