Abstract: Digital watermark data is embedded into compressed media content that is transmarked when the compressed media content is converted to an analog format or into an uncompressed digital format. The watermark data uniquely identifies the converter/player device/user that converted the watermark-protected digital media content into the analog format or the uncompressed digital format. The presented media content in the analog format or the uncompressed digital format is modified as a function of the watermark data and the digital signature obtained from the converter/player device/user. The modifications are visible and essentially produce a correspondingly different media presentation for each converter/player device/user. The modifications, however, are selected so that they are nonessential to the storyline and, consequently, not noticed by a casual user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method is for generating low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. One aspect of the invention includes a method for generating high rate LDPC codes that first constructs a matrix (H) of size m×n having m rows of check nodes and n columns of bit nodes. The matrix meets the following requirements: the weight of the j−th column equals aj; each row, r, has weight at most br; and the matrix H can be represented by a Tanner graph that has a girth of at least g≧g. The method then iteratively adds an (n+1)th column (U1) to matrix H, wherein the size of U1, is initially empty and is at most an+1, and wherein U1, comprises a set of i check nodes such that i is greater than or equal to 0 and i is less than an+1. The method then iteratively adds check nodes to U1. such that each check node does not violate predetermined girth and check-degree constraints. The matrix H is updated when a new column is added.

Abstract: A data channel includes a data detector that approximates both inter-symbol-interference (ISI) and random timing perturbations using a single finite-state hidden Markov model. The ISI is approximated by a finite impulse response and the timing perturbations are approximated by a first order random walk. The data signal, which is subject to inter-symbol interference and timing perturbations, is sampled periodically over a succession of time epochs without regard to timing perturbations. Timing perturbation values and data states are then assigned for each epoch, and each timing perturbation value is paired with each data state to arrive at a set of composite states. Probabilities are then assigned between composite states in successive epochs to arrive at the most probable composite state sequence corresponding to the sequence of detected data values from the sampled data. A Viterbi algorithm is then applied to find the maximum likelihood sequence of composite states.

Abstract: This invention is a Viterbi algorithm combined with the use of error filters outputs to produce bit reliabilities. The present invention is a SOVA-like method using error filters to reduce the complexity of bit reliability determination further than that of the ordinary SOVA method. Error patterns corresponding to each of a handful of dominant i.e., most common error patterns are determined from experimental data. Error filters determine likelihoods of each postulated error pattern. These likelihoods are then combined to produce bit reliabilities that may be passed on to an outer error correction decoder. The filters, typically six or seven of them, resolve most of the errors thereby simplifying computation dramatically.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method is for generating low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. One aspect of the invention includes a method for generating high rate LDPC codes that first constructs a matrix (H) of size m×n having m rows of check nodes and n columns of bit nodes. The matrix meets the following requirements: the weight of the j−th column equals aj; each row, r, has weight at most br; and the matrix H can be represented by a Tanner graph that has a girth of at least g≧g. The method then iteratively adds an (n+1)th column (U1) to matrix H, wherein the size of U1, is initially empty and is at most an+1, and wherein U1, comprises a set of i check nodes such that i is greater than or equal to 0 and i is less than an+1. The method then iteratively adds check nodes to U1. such that each check node does not violate predetermined girth and check-degree constraints. The matrix H is updated when a new column is added.

Abstract: Methods and/or systems/apparatus using speech for marking and subsequently identifying one or more items having electronically-readable identifiers respectively marked thereon comprise the following steps and/or perform the following operations. First, at least a portion of the electronically-readable identifier marked on an item is inputted. A user then inputs a spoken utterance that corresponds to the item. Next, the electronically-readable identifier inputted from the item is associated with the spoken utterance input from the user. Thus, when the electronically-readable identifier is inputted a next time, the spoken utterance associated with the electronically-readable identifier may be outputted. The present invention may also be embodied as an article of manufacture comprising a machine readable medium containing one or more programs which when executed implement the steps/operations of the invention.

Abstract: This invention is a Viterbi algorithm combined with the use of error filters outputs to produce bit reliabilities. The present invention is a SOVA-like method using error filters to reduce the complexity of bit reliability determination further than that of the ordinary SOVA method. Error patterns corresponding to each of a handful of dominant i.e., most common error patterns are determined from experimental data. Error filters determine likelihoods of each postulated error pattern. These likelihoods are then combined to produce bit reliabilities that may be passed on to an outer error correction decoder. The filters, typically six or seven of them, resolve most of the errors thereby simplifying computation dramatically.