Abstract: The present invention relates method for the production of a thiosulfate comprising the steps of providing a thiosulfate A represented by formula (X)n(S2O3)m; providing a compound B represented by formula (Y)o(Z)p; contacting the thiosulfate A of step (i) with the compound B of step (ii) in the presence of a solvent, thereby obtaining a reaction mixture comprising a compound C represented by formula (X)q(Z)r and a thiosulfate D represented by formula (Y)s(S2O3)t; wherein the ratio of the solubility of the thiosulfate D in the solvent at a predetermined temperature to the solubility of the compound C in the solvent at the same predetermined temperature is at least 5:1 or less than 1:5. The invention also relates to liquid fertilizers obtainable by the method of the invention.

Abstract: Methods for removing a soluble heavy metal-sulfur complex from a process solution comprise contacting the process solution with an oxidant to oxidize the heavy metal-sulfur complex and form an oxidized complex precipitate, or with an acid to acidify the heavy metal-sulfur complex and form an acidified complex precipitate, and removing the precipitate from the process solution to provide a heavy metal-reduced solution. The method is advantageous for removing heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, barium, iron, vanadium and/or manganese from process solutions, for example originating from natural gas production, petroleum production, water treatment or mining.

Abstract: An antenna element and related apparatus are provided. The antenna element includes a radiating structure configured to radiate a radio frequency (RF) signal in a defined polarization (e.g., linear polarization or circular polarization). The radiating structure is conductively coupled to a first pair of feed ports and a second pair of feed ports. In examples discussed herein, at least one selected pair of feed ports among the first pair of feed ports and the second pair of feed ports can be dynamically configured to receive a differential signal(s). By applying the differential signal(s) to the selected pair of feed ports with a proper polarity and/or a relative phase differential, it may be possible to cause the radiating structure to radiate in the defined polarization without requiring additional circuitries (e.g., switching circuit), thus helping to reduce power consumption, heat dissipation, and/or footprint in an apparatus employing the antenna element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a reconfigurable patch antenna, which includes a substrate, a ground plane formed on a bottom surface of the substrate or within the substrate, a primary patch, an extension patch, and switching components. The primary patch and the extension patch are formed on a top surface of the substrate and are placed parallel to each other. Herein, a gap is formed between the primary patch and the first extension patch. The switching components are formed across the gap, electrically coupled to both the primary patch and the extension patch, and configured to connect the primary patch to the extension patch or disconnect the primary patch from the extension patch.

Abstract: An antenna element and related apparatus are provided. The antenna element includes a radiating structure configured to radiate a radio frequency (RF) signal in a defined polarization (e.g., linear polarization or circular polarization). The radiating structure is conductively coupled to a first pair of feed ports and a second pair of feed ports. In examples discussed herein, at least one selected pair of feed ports among the first pair of feed ports and the second pair of feed ports can be dynamically configured to receive a differential signal(s). By applying the differential signal(s) to the selected pair of feed ports with a proper polarity and/or a relative phase differential, it may be possible to cause the radiating structure to radiate in the defined polarization without requiring additional circuitries (e.g., switching circuit), thus helping to reduce power consumption, heat dissipation, and/or footprint in an apparatus employing the antenna element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a reconfigurable patch antenna, which includes a substrate, a ground plane formed on a bottom surface of the substrate or within the substrate, a primary patch, an extension patch, and switching components. The primary patch and the extension patch are formed on a top surface of the substrate and are placed parallel to each other. Herein, a gap is formed between the primary patch and the first extension patch. The switching components are formed across the gap, electrically coupled to both the primary patch and the extension patch, and configured to connect the primary patch to the extension patch or disconnect the primary patch from the extension patch.

Abstract: A foundation system for the implementation of thermosolar and photovoltaic plants that comprises a component (1) made from reinforced or prestressed prefabricated concrete constituted by a lower slab (2), a longitudinal central rib (3) in the top part and comprising a pillar (4) that emerges from the top part of the central rib. A method for implementing said foundation that comprises the phases: prefabrication (13) of a panel (1) of reinforced or prestressed concrete, the laying-out (14) of a bed of sand (12) over a surface, placing (15) the component (1) on said bed of sand (12), filling (16) with granular material (11) over the lower slab (2) of the panel (1) up to the upper reference mark on the pillar (4), placing (17) a supporting structure (9) inside the pillar (4), wedging (18) of the supporting structure, and filling (19) of the existing hollow using mortar.

Abstract: Pulse shaping biasing circuitry includes square wave generator circuitry, first inverse ramp signal generator circuitry, and second inverse ramp signal generator circuitry. The square wave generator circuitry is coupled between an input node and signal summation circuitry, and is configured to generate a square wave signal. The first inverse ramp signal generator circuitry is coupled in parallel with the square wave generator circuitry and configured to generate a first inverted ramp signal. The second inverse ramp signal generator circuitry is coupled in parallel with the square wave generator circuitry and the first inverse ramp signal generator circuitry and configured to generate a second inverted ramp signal. The square wave signal, the first inverted ramp signal, and the second inverted ramp signal are combined by the signal summation circuitry to provide a pulse shaping bias signal for a radio frequency (RF) power amplifier.

Abstract: Pulse shaping biasing circuitry includes square wave generator circuitry and inverse ramp signal generator circuitry. The square wave generator circuitry is coupled between an input node and signal summation circuitry, and is configured to generate a square wave signal. The inverse ramp signal generator circuitry is coupled in parallel with the square wave generator circuitry and configured to generate an inverted ramp signal based on a supply voltage and a temperature. By generating the inverted ramp signal based on the supply voltage and temperature, the pulse shaping biasing circuitry may compensate an RF power amplifier operated in a pulsed mode such that an error vector magnitude thereof is minimized even as the supply voltage provided to the RF power amplifier and the temperature change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frustoconical- or truncated pyramid-shaped support structure for wind-driven power generators which is formed by several precast concrete panels having the same dimensions, without horizontal joints between panels, which allows obtaining different section widths by means of a platform-guide that can be adjusted to one of said panels.

Abstract: Integrated pulse shaping biasing circuitry for a radio frequency (RF) power amplifier includes a square wave signal generator and an inverted ramp signal generator. The square wave signal generator and the inverted ramp signal generator are coupled in parallel between an input node and current summation circuitry. The square wave signal generator generates a square wave signal. The inverted ramp signal generator generates an inverted ramp signal. The current summation circuitry receives the generated square wave signal and the inverted ramp signal, and combines the signals to generate a pulse shaped biasing signal for an RF power amplifier. The square wave signal generator, the inverted ramp signal generator, and the current summation circuitry are monolithically integrated on a single semiconductor die.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frustoconical- or truncated pyramid-shaped support structure for wind-driven power generators which is formed by several precast concrete panels having the same dimensions, without horizontal joints between panels, which allows obtaining different section widths by means of a platform-guide that can be adjusted to one of said panels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reinforced-concrete foundation system for erecting superstructures that transmit high axial loads, shearing forces and/or flexural moments at individual points, such as, for example, wind turbines. The foundation that is the subject matter of the present invention is formed by an upper reinforced-concrete slab poured “in situ”, of polygonal or circular footprint, and which is made rigid at the bottom by means of reinforced-concrete ribs of rectangular or trapezial cross section which are arranged radially. The method makes provision for said ribs to be produced from concrete “in situ” or, alternatively, by means of prefabricated elements, always working, jointly with the upper slab. This new foundation considerably reduces the costs of forming traditional foundations for this type of superstructure, by considerably improving completion deadlines.

Abstract: Integrated pulse shaping biasing circuitry for a radio frequency (RF) power amplifier includes a square wave signal generator and an inverted ramp signal generator. The square wave signal generator and the inverted ramp signal generator are coupled in parallel between an input node and current summation circuitry. The square wave signal generator generates a square wave signal. The inverted ramp signal generator generates an inverted ramp signal. The current summation circuitry receives the generated square wave signal and the inverted ramp signal, and combines the signals to generate a pulse shaped biasing signal for an RF power amplifier. The square wave signal generator, the inverted ramp signal generator, and the current summation circuitry are monolithically integrated on a single semiconductor die.