Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to laser systems and laser pulse characterization methods and respective systems. An embodiment of the method comprises generating two collinear replicas of the pulse being characterized; applying two different predetermined spectral phases to each replica, so as to simultaneously scan delay and dispersion; applying a nonlinear process to the pulse to be characterized; measuring the resulting signal from the application of the predetermined spectral phases and nonlinear process; applying a numerical iterative algorithm to the measured signal to retrieve the spectral phase of the pulse to be characterized; such process being done as a scanning procedure or in parallel utilizing a single laser shot.

Abstract: The optical system comprises: means for introducing a controlled negative or positive chirp to an incoming ultrashort laser pulse to be characterized; a nonlinear optical medium through which said chirped ultrashort laser pulse is propagated, wherein as a result of said propagation: different chirp values are introduced in the ultrashort laser pulse at different propagation distances along the nonlinear optical medium, and a transverse nonlinear signal is generated in a direction perpendicular to the propagation axis; analyzing means configured for recording a single-shot spectral image of said generated transverse nonlinear signal; and a processing module comprising one or more processors configured to execute a numerical iterative algorithm to said single-shot spectral image to retrieve the electric field, amplitude and phase, of the ultrashort laser pulse.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to laser systems and laser pulse characterization methods and respective systems. An embodiment of the method comprises generating two collinear replicas of the pulse being characterized; applying two different predetermined spectral phases to each replica, so as to simultaneously scan delay and dispersion; applying a nonlinear process to the pulse to be characterized; measuring the resulting signal from the application of the predetermined spectral phases and nonlinear process; applying a numerical iterative algorithm to the measured signal to retrieve the spectral phase of the pulse to be characterized; such process being done as a scanning procedure or in parallel utilizing a single laser shot.

Abstract: The optical system comprises: means for introducing a controlled negative or positive chirp to an incoming ultrashort laser pulse to be characterized; a nonlinear optical medium through which said chirped ultrashort laser pulse is propagated, wherein as a result of said propagation: different chirp values are introduced in the ultrashort laser pulse at different propagation distances along the nonlinear optical medium, and a transverse nonlinear signal is generated in a direction perpendicular to the propagation axis; analyzing means configured for recording a single-shot spectral image of said generated transverse nonlinear signal; and a processing module comprising one or more processors configured to execute a numerical iterative algorithm to said single-shot spectral image to retrieve the electric field, amplitude and phase, of the ultrashort laser pulse.

Abstract: “LIQUID OR PULP AERATION DEVICE” that projects liquid or pulp (P) through a spreading nozzle on a chain curtain (C) and captures air bubbles from the liquid or pulp (P) while the fluid outflows through the curtain links (C) by gravity forming films by virtue of an interaction of the surface strain and wettability between the three surfaces in question. As far as the outflow is concerned, these films end up interacting between themselves capturing the remaining air between them, thus forming profuse bubbles, resulting in the formation of liquid or foaming pulp (P) by virtue of the chain discharge (C).

Abstract: This document refers, as its title indicates, to an adaptable supporting device with indexed relative positioning, of the type that includes a plurality of vertical actuators, arranged on bridge modules positioned transversely above a recess and movable relative to one another, used in industry during machining processes, to attach parts having different or irregular shapes, characterized in that the device includes two double sets of hydraulic cylinders between every two modules, each of said sets comprising two hydraulic cylinders of different stroke lengths mounted in opposite directions and connected one to another at the rear of their heads, thereby allowing every two bridge modules to move relative to one another in a manner indexed in four fixed positions depending on which cylinders are activated.

Abstract: “LIQUID OR PULP AERATION DEVICE” that projects liquid or pulp (P) through a spreading nozzle on a chain curtain (C) and captures air bubbles from the liquid or pulp (P) while the fluid outflows through the curtain links (C) by gravity forming films by virtue of an interaction of the surface strain and wettability between the three surfaces in question. As far as the outflow is concerned, these films end up interacting between themselves capturing the remaining air between them, thus forming profuse bubbles, resulting in the formation of liquid or foaming pulp (P) by virtue of the chain discharge (C).