Abstract: Computer-implemented method for obtaining a cumulative distribution function from a signal, the signal having a range, the method comprising receiving the signal at a first port of a 1-bit comparator and applying a stepping signal at a second port of the comparator, the stepping signal having a stepping range that is less than the range of the signal, wherein the stepping signal is applied in a first step with a first value to the second port and in subsequent steps the subsequent value is increased or decreased by the stepping range compared to the value in the immediately preceding step, collecting, for each step, an output value at the output port of the comparator, collecting the output values for each of the steps and obtaining, from the collection of output values, the cumulative distribution function.

Abstract: A method is provided for that includes representing a random number and a threshold as a sequence of bits and comparing the sequence of bits representing the random number with the sequence of bits representing the threshold on a bit-wise basis. The most significant bit of the sequence of bits representing the random number is compared with the most significant sequence of bits representing the threshold. If the bits are not equal, deciding that the random number is larger or smaller than the threshold. If the bits are equal, comparing the immediately following bit in the sequence of bits representing the random number with the immediately following bit in the sequence of bits representing the threshold, and repeating this until the bit of the random number does not equal that of the threshold is reached or until all bits have been compared and found to be equal.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a laminate film for optical filtering. The laminate film can include a flexible substrate, one or more Bragg-reflector stacks positioned on the flexible substrate, and a high-refractive-index layer positioned on the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks. A respective Bragg-reflector stack has a number of layers with alternating refractive indices, and the Bragg-reflector is configured to have a stopping band with a predetermined center wavelength. A refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer is greater than that of an adjacent layer of the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks, thereby reducing incident-angle sensitivity of the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks. Moreover, at least one Bragg-reflector stack is configured to achieve a predetermined hue.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a laminate film for optical filtering. The laminate film can include a flexible substrate, one or more Bragg-reflector stacks positioned on the flexible substrate, and a high-refractive-index layer positioned on the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks. A respective Bragg-reflector stack has a number of layers with alternating refractive indices, and the Bragg-reflector is configured to have a stopping band with a predetermined center wavelength. A refractive index of the high-refractive-index layer is greater than that of an adjacent layer of the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks, thereby reducing incident-angle sensitivity of the one or more Bragg-reflector stacks. Moreover, at least one Bragg-reflector stack is configured to achieve a predetermined hue.