Abstract: A massage system for a seat having a seat surface. At least one plane is defined for the seat, which plane is spanned by a longitudinal axis and a vertical axis of the seat. The at least one plane separates a first side and a second side of the seat from one another and intersects the seat. At least one massage element is arranged in at least one component of the seat. The at least one massage element has at least one active surface which is arranged on at least one of the two sides of the seat.

Abstract: A latch secures an element such as a motor-vehicle headrest for movement relative to a support between a rest position and an advanced position. A pivotal lever can hold the element in the rest position. A spring pushes the element into the advanced position and presses it against the lever so as to apply a torque to the lever that presses a latch formation on the lever against a retractile latch part of an actuator. If the actuator retracts the part, the lever is released and the lever can pivot to allow the spring to move the element into the advanced position.

Abstract: Housing for shielding from electromagnetic interference, comprising a first housing component with a first VELCRO-type fastening element and a second housing component with a second VELCRO-type fastening element each made of conductive material, wherein an aperture between the first housing component and the second housing component is closed in an electromagnetically-sealing manner by a third VELCRO-type fastening element made of conductive material.

Abstract: A latch secures an element such as a motor-vehicle headrest for movement relative to a support between a rest position and an advanced position. A pivotal lever can hold the element in the rest position. A spring pushes the element into the advanced position and presses it against the lever so as to apply a torque to the lever that presses a latch formation on the lever against a retractile latch part of an actuator. If the actuator retracts the part, the lever is released and the lever can pivot to allow the spring to move the element into the advanced position.

Abstract: Housing for shielding from electromagnetic interference, comprising a first housing component with a first VELCRO-type fastening element and a second housing component with a second VELCRO-type fastening element each made of conductive material, wherein an aperture between the first housing component and the second housing component is closed in an electromagnetically-sealing manner by a third VELCRO-type fastening element made of conductive material.

Abstract: A headrest for a motor vehicle seat is crash active in that it has a mechanism for automatically bringing the head-engaging member toward the head of the passenger in the case of a crash. This mechanism includes a slide guided on a pair of cylindrical members surrounded by springs and having a tooth-forming part of a return travel lock preventing return of the slide to its starting position. In that position a releasable coupling device has a primary coupling element engaged with a secondary coupling element which may be a hairpin-shaped bent wire.

Abstract: A headrest for a motor vehicle seat is crash active in that it has a mechanism for automatically bringing the head-engaging member toward the head of the passenger in the case of a crash. This mechanism includes a slide guided on a pair of cylindrical members surrounded by springs and having a tooth-forming part of a return travel lock preventing return of the slide to its starting position. In that position a releasable coupling device has a primary coupling element engaged with a secondary coupling element which may be a hairpin-shaped bent wire.

Abstract: A medium containing tanning agents and/or albumens, such as beer, wine, or fruit juice, is simultaneously stabilized and filtrated by means of cross-flow filtration in the ultrafiltration or microfiltration range, in the presence of a stabilizer.

Abstract: A drying cloth for transportation receptacles is disclosed, which cloth is composed of multilayer sheet material, the two outer sides of which are, in each case, formed by an absorbent layer. An intermediate layer which is impermeable to moisture is arranged between the absorbent layers. The two absorbent layers and the impermeable intermediate layer are permanently interconnected to form a composite material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid esters of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 C atoms, R.sup.2 is an alkyl radical or alkenyl radical having 2 to 15 C atoms or a phenyl radical and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, characterized in that acetocarboxylic acid esters of the general formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 are as defined, are reacted with calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide in the presence of an organic solvent and in the absence of water, the calcium chelate complexes formed are acylated with carboxylic acid chloride and the products are then cleaved with aqueous ammonium salt solution to form the .beta.-ketocarboxylic acid esters of formula (I).The .beta.

Abstract: A lining for the thermal insulation of containers is disclosed, which lining is constituted by mats or sheets of insulating material, such as plastics, which can be placed against the inside walls of the container. The lining is a prefabricated collapsible or foldable three-dimensional hollow body which is formed by mat-like or sheet-like flexible, yet relatively stiff insulating material. A sealable opening is provided on one side of the hollow body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters using novel maleic acid esters as starting materials. In the process, in a first process step, 2,3-dihalomaleic acid esters are reacted with ammonia, or ammonium salts, with the exclusion of water at a temperature of at least 50.degree.0 C. to form novel 2-amino-3-halomaleic acid esters, and these are subsequently reacted further in a second process step with .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes, or ketones, in the presence of an acidic catalyst and acid-binding agents at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. with heat being supplied until the pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters have been formed. Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters of this type can be used for example, as intermediates for synthesis of herbicides based on imidazoline. The present invention also relates to novel 2-amino-3-halomaleic acid esters, which are useful for producing the final product pyyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters using novel maleic acid esters as starting materials. In the process, in a first process step, 2,3-dihalomaleic acid esters are reacted with ammonia, or ammonium salts, with the exclusion of water at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. to form novel 2-amino-3-halomaleic acid esters, and these are subsequently reacted further in a second process step with .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated aldehydes, or ketones, in the presence of an acidic catalyst and acid-binding agents at a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. with heat being supplied until the pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters have been formed. Pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters of this type can be used, for example, as intermediates for synthesis of herbicides based on imidazoline. The present invention also relates to novel 2-amino-3-halomaleic acid esters, which are useful for producing the final product pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid esters.

Abstract: The muffler has an inner exhaust gas pipe and an outer casing. The inner pipe has a diameter which expands conically by about 6% between the input to the output ends of the casing. The inner pipe is also provided with longitudinal wall slots measuring about 30 mm by 2 mm and having a lip extending outwards toward the casing. The space between the inner pipe and the casing is filled with stainless steel wool. High frequencies of the vibrations in the exhaust gas are passed through the slots without appreciable gas flow through the slots, and their energy is dissipated in the wool. The wool is held in place by a metal strap wound helically on its edge about the inner pipe and welded to it. The casing is in two split halves which are held together against the inner pipe by a friction clamping element to permit differential expansion between the inner pipe and the casing.

Abstract: A candle filtration unit of the type having a filter vessel, a wall plate disposed within the vessel and dividing its interior into a lower feed section and an upper discharge section, a plurality of filter candles suspended from the wall plate, a sediment receptacle connected to the lower feed section via shut-off means, and means for supplying cleaning liquid to the upper section to create a backflow through the unit to remove sediment deposited on the filter candle, is provided with accumulating means associated with the upper end of each filter candle to prevent the flow of cleaning liquid into the candles until an adequate quantity of liquid has accumulated in the discharge section and a predetermined pressure differential between the pressure in the discharge section and the pressure in the feed section is achieved.