Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising an artemisinin compound, and 5-aminolevulinic acid or methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid and at least one chemotherapeutic agent, preferably at least one anti-glioblastoma drug. This pharmaceutical composition is used for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of hematopoietic cancers, brain cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer such as non-small cell lung cancer. Preferably, the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising artemisinin (1a) or di-hydroarteminisin (1b) or artesunate (1e) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (2) or methyl-5- aminolevulinic acid (2b) and at least one chemotherapeutic agent, preferably at least one anti-glioblastoma drug for use in prophylaxis and/or treatment of brain cancer, in particular glioblastoma.