Abstract: Dicarboxylic acids, such as adipic acid, and diesters, such as adipates, may be produced by hydrogenating alkynes that may be produced from raw materials salvaged from waste stream processes. The carbons of the dicarboxylic acids are provided by alkynes generated from biomass waste and carbon dioxide recovered from waste streams such as exhaust gases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are graphene nanoribbons, controllable and reproducible methods of synthesizing graphene nanoribbons, and uses thereof. Transistors containing graphene nanoribbons are also disclosed.

Abstract: Nylon 12 may be produced by dimerization of 6-carbon furan compounds into 12-carbon dimers, and conversion of the dimers into nylon 12. The 6-carbon furan compounds may be produced from biomass. Ester-aldehyde dimers and amino-ester dimers may be produced from the 6-carbon furan compounds as precursors for at least the production of nylon 12, and the components for producing the nylon 12 may be provided as a kit.

Abstract: Alternating co-polymers of cyclic dicarboxylic acids and cyclic diamines may be used to produce nylon 6,6. Di-substituted furan compounds may be used as the raw material for producing furan-dicarboxylic acids and/or furan-diamines. The furan-dicarboxylic acids and furan-diamines may be copolymerized to produce polymer precursors for nylon 6,6. The polymer precursors may be hydrogenated and/or deoxygenated to produce nylon 6,6.

Abstract: Nylon 7 may be produced from biomass derived 6-carbon hydroxymethyl furan compounds as the raw material. The hydroxymethyl furan compounds may be homologated to form an aldehyde that may be aminated to produce an amino carbonyl compound. Hydrogenation/hydro-deoxygenation of the amino-carbonyl compound provides nylon 7.

Abstract: Methods and compounds for producing nylon 6 are disclosed. Di-substituted furanic compounds may be used as the raw material for producing precursor compounds for nylon 6, and the precursor compounds are convertible to nylon 6.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged pigmented microparticles are disclosed. The microparticles are charged linking molecules polymerized with chromophores of various colors so that microparticles in a variety of colors may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Nylon 12 may be produced by dimerization of 6-carbon furan compounds into 12-carbon dimers, and conversion of the dimers into nylon 12. The 6-carbon furan compounds may be produced from biomass. Ester-aldehyde dimers and amino-ester dimers may be produced from the 6-carbon furan compounds as precursors for at least the production of nylon 12, and the components for producing the nylon 12 may be provided as a kit.

Abstract: Nylon 7 may be produced from biomass derived 6-carbon hydroxymethyl furan compounds as the raw material. The hydroxymethyl furan compounds may be homologated to form an aldehyde that may be aminated to produce an amino carbonyl compound. Hydrogenation/hydro-deoxygenation of the amino-carbonyl compound provides nylon 7.

Abstract: Methods and compounds for producing nylon 6 are disclosed. Di-substituted furanic compounds may be used as the raw material for producing precursor compounds for nylon 6, and the precursor compounds are convertible to nylon 6.

Abstract: Alternating co-polymers of cyclic dicarboxylic acids and cyclic diamines may be used to produce nylon 6,6. Di-substituted furan compounds may be used as the raw material for producing furan-dicarboxylic acids and/or furan-diamines. The furan-dicarboxylic acids and furan-diamines may be copolymerized to produce polymer precursors for nylon 6,6. The polymer precursors may be hydrogenated and/or deoxygenated to produce nylon 6,6.

Abstract: Dicarboxylic acids, such as adipic acid, and diesters, such as adipates, may be produced by hydrogenating alkynes that may be produced from raw materials salvaged from waste stream processes. The carbons of the dicarboxylic acids are provided by alkynes generated from biomass waste and carbon dioxide recovered from waste streams such as exhaust gases.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged fluorescent particles are disclosed. The charged fluorescent particles have a dendrimer core covalently bonded with fluorophores of various emissive wavelengths so that microparticles that emit a variety of different colored electromagnetic radiation may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged fluorescent microparticles are disclosed. The microparticles are charged linking molecules polymerized with fluorophores of various emissive wavelengths so that microparticles that emit a variety of colors may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are graphene nanoribbons, controllable and reproducible methods of synthesizing graphene nanoribbons, and uses thereof. Transistors containing graphene nanoribbons are also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged pigmented microparticles are disclosed. The microparticles are charged linking molecules polymerized with chromophores of various colors so that microparticles in a variety of colors may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Block co-polymers including a hydrophilic block and a hydrophobic poly(amino acid) block which further includes dihydroxyphenyl moieties are provided, as well as methods of making and using the same. Such block copolymers may be used to prepare biocompatible adhesives which display good adhesives properties in aqueous environments, including in in vivo applications.

Abstract: A block co-polymer includes a water soluble carrier block; an amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block; and the amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block includes a fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkylene glycol group.

Abstract: Block co-polymers including a hydrophilic block and a hydrophobic poly(amino acid) block which further includes dihydroxyphenyl moieties are provided, as well as methods of making and using the same. Such block copolymers may be used to prepare biocompatible adhesives which display good adhesives properties in aqueous environments, including in in vivo applications.

Abstract: A block co-polymer includes a water soluble carrier block; an amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block; and the amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block includes a fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkylene glycol group.