Abstract: Methods and compounds for producing nylon 6 are disclosed. Di-substituted furanic compounds may be used as the raw material for producing precursor compounds for nylon 6, and the precursor compounds are convertible to nylon 6.

Abstract: Alternating co-polymers of cyclic dicarboxylic acids and cyclic diamines may be used to produce nylon 6,6. Di-substituted furan compounds may be used as the raw material for producing furan-dicarboxylic acids and/or furan-diamines. The furan-dicarboxylic acids and furan-diamines may be copolymerized to produce polymer precursors for nylon 6,6. The polymer precursors may be hydrogenated and/or deoxygenated to produce nylon 6,6.

Abstract: Dicarboxylic acids, such as adipic acid, and diesters, such as adipates, may be produced by hydrogenating alkynes that may be produced from raw materials salvaged from waste stream processes. The carbons of the dicarboxylic acids are provided by alkynes generated from biomass waste and carbon dioxide recovered from waste streams such as exhaust gases.

Abstract: Purified water can be obtained via a continuous or semi-continuous process by mixing a liquid composition (e.g., sea water or produced frac water) including water with a directional solvent to selectively dissolve water from the liquid composition into the directional solvent. The concentrated remainder of the liquid composition (e.g., brine) is removed, and the water is precipitated from the directional solvent and removed in a purified form. The solvent is then reused as the process is repeated in a continuous or semi-continuous operation.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged fluorescent particles are disclosed. The charged fluorescent particles have a dendrimer core covalently bonded with fluorophores of various emissive wavelengths so that microparticles that emit a variety of different colored electromagnetic radiation may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged fluorescent microparticles are disclosed. The microparticles are charged linking molecules polymerized with fluorophores of various emissive wavelengths so that microparticles that emit a variety of colors may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are graphene nanoribbons, controllable and reproducible methods of synthesizing graphene nanoribbons, and uses thereof. Transistors containing graphene nanoribbons are also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrophoretic displays with an electrophoretic medium having charged pigmented microparticles are disclosed. The microparticles are charged linking molecules polymerized with chromophores of various colors so that microparticles in a variety of colors may be produced. Methods for producing the microparticles and using the microparticles in an electrophoretic display are also disclosed. Such microparticles may be provided separately, or kits may be provided for producing the microparticles.

Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting diode device comprising a light emitting diode (1, 11) arranged on a substrate (2, 12) and a wavelength converting element (3, 13, 14). The wavelength converting element (3, 13) contains as a luminescent material a Mn4+-activated fluoride compound having a garnet-type crystal structure. The Mn4+-activated fluoride compound preferably answers the general formula {A3}[B2-x-yMnxMgy](Li3)F12-dOd, in which formula A stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Na+ and K+ and B stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Al3+, B3+, Sc3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Ti4+ and In3+, and in which formula x ranges between 0.02 and 0.2, y ranges between 0.0 (and incl. 0.0) and 0.4 and d ranges between 0 (and incl. 0) and 1. Said compound is most preferably {Na3}[Al2-x-yMnxMgy](Li3)F12-dOd. The invention also provides said material as well as a method for its preparation.

Abstract: A reinforcing element for producing concrete components, a concrete component and corresponding production methods. The reinforcing element has a plurality of fibers and a plurality of holding elements which are connected to each other by the fibers so that the fibers can be stressed in their longitudinal direction by the holding elements. The fibers are fixed to the holding elements such that the fibers in the stressed state enter the holding elements in a substantially linear manner. This enables both a high degree of pretension and an efficient, reliable and thus cost-effective production of the concrete components.

Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting diode device comprising a light emitting diode arranged on a substrate and a wavelength converting element. The wavelength converting element contains a luminescent material a Mn4+-activated fluoride compound having a garnet-type crystal structure. The Mn4+-activated fluoride compound preferably answers the general formula {A3}[B2-x-yMnxMgy](Li3)F12-dOd, in which formula A stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Na+ and K+ and B stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Al3+, B3+, Sc3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Ti4+ and In3+, and in which formula x ranges between 0.02 and 0.2, y ranges between 0.0 (and incl. 0.0) and 0.4 and d ranges between 0 (and incl. 0) and 1. As the luminescent materials of the described type and structure have high stability and low sensitivity towards humid environments, they can advantageously be used as in wavelength conversion elements of LED devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for avoiding surface defects, which are caused by zinc dust, on galvanized metal strip in continuous strip galvanization, in which metal strip which is to be galvanized and is heated in a continuous annealing furnace is moved through a furnace pipe in protective furnace gas and is immersed into a zinc bath, wherein the furnace pipe is provided with injection openings via which the front side and the rear side of the metal strip can be acted upon with protective furnace gas, and wherein extraction openings for extracting protective furnace gas loaded with zinc vapour are arranged adjacent to the injection openings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate which comprises oligogalacturonides. More particularly, the present invention provides a disposable absorbent article which comprises the substrate having the oligogalacturonides. The present invention also provides a process for manufacturing a disposable absorbent article comprising the substrate.

Abstract: Block co-polymers including a hydrophilic block and a hydrophobic poly(amino acid) block which further includes dihydroxyphenyl moieties are provided, as well as methods of making and using the same. Such block copolymers may be used to prepare biocompatible adhesives which display good adhesives properties in aqueous environments, including in in vivo applications.

Abstract: A semi-finished product (1a) has a tubular sleeve element (4) which extends along a longitudinal axis (A) and has a substantially rectangular cross-section and at least a first (3a) and at least a second (3b) strut element, wherein the first strut element (3a) extends from a first edge of the tubular sleeve to the second edge which lies opposite it with respect to the longitudinal axis, and the second strut element (3b) extends along the other diagonal between the associated edges. The strut elements (3a, 3b) are advantageously designed and arranged such that they absorb compressive forces but not tensile forces. The product can be fabricated completely from a fiber-reinforced plastic and may be integrated in construction elements and surface elements.

Abstract: A block co-polymer includes a water soluble carrier block; an amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block; and the amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block includes a fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkylene glycol group.

Abstract: Block co-polymers including a hydrophilic block and a hydrophobic poly(amino acid) block which further includes dihydroxyphenyl moieties are provided, as well as methods of making and using the same. Such block copolymers may be used to prepare biocompatible adhesives which display good adhesives properties in aqueous environments, including in in vivo applications.

Abstract: A block co-polymer includes a water soluble carrier block; an amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block; and the amino acid-based or acrylic acid-based block includes a fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkylene glycol group.

Abstract: The invention provides a light emitting diode device comprising a light emitting diode arranged on a substrate and a wavelength converting element. The wavelength converting element contains a luminescent material a Mn4+-activated fluoride compound having a garnet-type crystal structure. The Mn4+-activated fluoride compound preferably answers the general formula {A3}[B2-x-yMnxMgy] (Li3) F12-dOd, in which formula A stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Na+ and K+ and B stands for at least one element selected from the series consisting of Al3+, B3+, Sc3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Ti4+ and In3+, and in which formula x ranges between 0.02 and 0.2, y ranges between 0.0 (and incl. 0.0) and 0.4 and d ranges between 0 (and incl. 0) and 1. As the luminescent materials of the described type and structure have high stability and low sensitivity towards humid environments, they can advantageously be used as in wavelength conversion elements of LED devices.

Abstract: A method by which a flat steel product containing 2-35 wt. % of Mn can be provided with a coating of Zn which adheres well by annealing at an annealing temperature Ta of 600-1100° C. for an annealing time of 10-240 s under an annealing atmosphere which has a reducing effect on the FeO present on the flat steel product and an oxidising effect on the Mn contained in the steel substrate thereby forming a layer of Mn mixed oxide which covers the flat steel product at least in sections and then cooling the flat steel product to a temperature for bath entry and conveying it through a bath of molten Zn saturated within iron at a temperature of 420-520° C., within a dip time of 0.1-10 s.