Abstract: A multi-piece molded golf ball which closely duplicates the aerodynamic characteristics of a top grade wound type golf ball. The ball comprises a dense center having a minimum specific gravity of 1.25; a molded encapsulating mass surrounding the center, wherein the material in contact with the center is further characterized as a low density resilient synthetic elastomer composition; and a patterned surface contouring of predetermined structure, contained within the outer surface of the golf ball.

Abstract: A bowling ball wherein the weights of the inner core and the encapsulating mass are varied through the use of materials of preselected densities, for the purpose of manufacturing balls having a low moment of inertia. The instant invention accomplishes this by featuring an inner core having a minimum specific gravity of 0.1063 per pound of ball weight, and a construction wherein the volume ratio of the inner core to that of the encapsulating mass, in conjunction with the specific gravity ratio of the inner core to that of the encapsulating mass, yields a maximum moment of inertia (about the ball's vertical axis) of 0.318 in-ozs-sec.sup.2 per pound of ball weight. As the moment of inertia of a fixed weight ball is decreased, the translational kinetic energy increases and the rotational kinetic energy decreases.

Abstract: A regulation golf ball, comprising:(a) a low density center having a maximum diameter of 1.25 inches;(b) a molded encapsulating mass surrounding said center, wherein the material in contact with said center is further characterized as a highly resilient synthetic elastomer composition having a minimum Shore A Durometer hardness of 70, and a minimum specific gravity of 1.00:(c) and a patterned surface contouring of predetermined structure contained within the outer surface of said golf ball;(d) said center having a compressibility of less than 10 percent of the compressibility of the material in contact therewith, and a density less than the maximum prevailing density of said encapsulating mass, for the purpose of effectuating an increase in ball moment of inertial.

Abstract: Two or three piece molded type golf balls having click and feel similar to wound type balls of equal compression. These balls feature an elastic center having a minimum compressibility of at least 10 percent greater than the contacting synthetic elastomer composition which is highly resilient and has a minimum Shore A Durometer hardness of about 70. The softer elastic center such as plastic elastomer or rubber, plastic or rubber foam, natural or composition cork, etc., allows each ball to flatten more under club impact, to reduce likelihood of ball breakage, and provide for excellent click and feel. When the center is made of low density material, more weight is allowed to be concentrated within the outer portion of the ball to provide a ball exhibiting reduced hooking and slicing action when improperly hit.

Abstract: A bowling ball having a substantially large portion of the ball's weight concentrated toward the center of the ball, to form a bowling ball having a low moment of inertia. The ball comprises a solid inner core made from a mineral oxide such as lead oxide mixed with a binding resin such as polyester, an outer core surrounding the inner core and made from filled or unfilled elastomers such as polyurethane or polyester, and a low density syntactic foam cover encapsulating the outer core and made from polyurethane or other elastomers mixed with glass microballoons, and having a minimum Shore D hardness of 72 and a maximum specific gravity of 1. The inner core in conjunction with the outer core and cover has a calculated maximum moment of inertia of 0.184 in-ozs-sec.sup.2 per pound of ball weight, for providing a substantially high total kinetic energy output.

Abstract: A device for detecting the presence of electrically conductive fluids, and upon such detection functioning to provide an audio alarm signal, and/or terminate electrical power to equipment that is causing fluid leakage. When used in conjunction with a washing machine, wherein the tube over-flows, or the pump or pump discharge hose leaks to cause water spillage, or where leakage occurs from the machine's cold or hot water supply hoses, the device will operate to deactivate the water pump and water supply solenoid valves, and provide an audio signal. Also, the device may be used to provide an audio alarm signal, and/or provide electrical power to a stand-by emergency pump to withdraw fluids, and prevent flooding. The device features a fluid sensing unit and a control unit operating on 90 to 125 volts AC low current.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the level of water being pumped into kitchen sinks, laundry tubs, and standpipes. The apparatus features a novel fluid levels ending unit operatively connected to a novel control unit for providing maintained termination of electrical power to the pump motor, should the water drainage system become clogged. As water flows through the nozzle of the sending unit, it operates to seal off the nozzle's air chamber inlet to trap and contain air therein. Therefore, should the drainage system become clogged, back-up water rises to a predetermined height within the air chamber. In so doing, the trapped air within the air chamber becomes compressed to a predetermined small value, for actuating the pressure switch. The actuated pressure switch in turn provides an electrical signal to the control unit for termination of water pump action.

Abstract: An apparatus capable of stressing test specimens to relatively high stres at an ultra fast rise time, and unstress at ultra fast decay time. System components include a hydraulic pumping unit, a gas-liquid accumulator, a pressure loading valve, an intensifier, a pressure vessel, a trigger mechanism, a pressure unloading valve, a surge tank, and system controls. To increase system operating response, the discharge port of the accumulator is connected directly to the inlet port of the loading valve. An exit port of the loading valve mounts directly to the inlet low pressure port of the intensifier. The high pressure outlet port of the intensifier mounts directly to the bottom inlet end of the pressure vessel, and the inlet port of the unloading valve mounts directly to a second exit port of the loading valve. The pressure vessel chamber and the intensifier's high pressure chamber are pre-filled as a closed system, with a low compressible fluid.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an obturator system used in large caliber weap, such as cannons, for the purpose of preventing high pressure and temperature gases from propellant charges to escape rearward through the breech. The sealing system consists of a spindle having a mushroom shaped head integral with a shaft portion, a metallic seal ring, and a disc spring. The shaft of the spindle passes through the breechblock such that the conical wedging surface of the mushroom head contacts the interior conical surface of the seal ring. The external conical surface of the metallic seal ring contacts the chamber gas check seat, and the base of the seal ring contacts the top surface of the disc spring which in turn rests against the front face of the breechblock.

Abstract: This invention pertains to ratchet mechanisms, and has particular application to ratchet wrenches of the type employing removable sockets for engagement with a stud having a ball detent for holding the sockets thereto during wrench operation. The novelty of the invention resides in the use of a push-button selector for alternately effecting the reversing action of the ratchet mechanism in conjunction with a push-button device for releasing the sockets from the stud.

Abstract: A restricted trajectory golf ball which resembles a U.S.G.A. approved regulation long range golf ball. The ball construction comprises a spherical coherent impact damping mass operative in dissipating golf club impact energy such that limited rebound energy is available for ball propulsion. The surface contouring disposed upon the damping mass function to provide advantageous aerodynamic effects and may take the form of standard dimples or dimples which are deeper than standard. That is if surface dimples are used, the dimple depth can be adjusted to assist toward providing a ball having the required restricted trajectory. Due to physical and structural characteristics, the ball is characterized as being firm, substantially durable, exhibiting a "click" sound when hit, and having a flight range of approximately one-half to one-quarter the range of regulation balls when hit with a No. 1 Wood in the same manner and under the same weather conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus for playing a golf game based on the momentum of propelled golf balls. The apparatus includes a golf tee from which golf balls are hit, an upright target for halting the balls propelled from the tee, and a ball momentum determining and indicating package for providing a numerical momentum magnitude representation for each ball propelled toward the target with either tee or fairway type golf clubs.

Abstract: A golf game apparatus constructed and equipped for the playing of a game which lends itself to a handicap system whereby players of varying abilities can compete on a handicap adjusted scoring basis. The apparatus has a golf tee disposed at one end, a vertical target disposed at the opposite end for segregating balls on a directional accuracy basis and, a ball receiver for receiving and classifying balls gravitating from the vertical target. Scoring of each ball hit is provided by a numerical representation of directional accuracy. For playing the game, each player hits a predetermined number of balls with both wood and iron clubs in a prearranged sequence into the vertical target. This game can be extended to include also floor targets which can be disposed forward of each vertical target. For scoring purposes, these floor targets with associated controls have provisions for classifying and providing a numerical representation of all balls hit therein with short range irons.

Abstract: This invention pertains to end constraints for torsion members applicable r use in cannon breech closing mechanisms, vehicle suspensions, etc. To provide torsion members with greater load carrying ability when subjected to large magnitudes of twist, special end constraints are required. The instant invention features end constraints with substantially square or rectangular cavities having a pair of opposing surfaces contoured such as to eliminate or minimize transverse shear within the ends of the torsion member at the region of transition between the active and non-active portions. These contoured surfaces have opposed oblique surfaces diagonally spaced in a transverse direction with respect to the trailing face of the constraints. To facilitate manufacture, the end constraints can be made to feature surface contoured inserts fixedly mounted within the sockets. It should be ascertained that two end constraints are used to apply moments at the ends of a torsion member.

Abstract: A bowling ball wherein the weights of the inner core and the encapsulating mass are varied through the use of materials of preselected densities, for the purpose of manufacturing balls having a low moment of inertia. The instant invention accomplishes this by featuring an inner core having a minimum specific gravity of 0.1063 per pound of ball weight, and a construction wherein the volume ratio of the inner core to that of the encapsulating mass, in conjunction with the specific gravity ratio of the inner core to that of the encapsulating mass, yields a .[.maximum.]. .Iadd.low .Iaddend.moment of inertia .[.(about the ball's vertical axis) of 0.318 in-ozs-sec.sup.2 per pound of ball weight.].. As the moment of inertia of a fixed weight ball is decreased, the translational kinetic energy increases and the rotational kinetic energy decreases.