Abstract: Novel compositions containing (i) ligand conjugated phycobiliprotein tandem dyes and (ii) unconjugated phycobiliproteins are provided wherein the phycobiliproteins are derived from the same bacterial or eukaryotic algae species. The phycobiliproteins must be the same or different, but must contain some non-crosslinked subunits which exchange. Also provided are methods for preparing these compositions, kits containing these compositions or components of the same, and methods of using these compositions for cellular and non-cellular analysis.

Abstract: Novel compositions containing (i) ligand conjugated phycobiliprotein tandem dyes and (ii) unconjugated phycobiliproteins are provided wherein the phycobiliproteins are derived from the same bacterial or eukaryotic algae species. The phycobiliproteins must be the same or different, but must contain some non-crosslinked subunits which exchange. Also provided are methods for preparing these compositions, kits containing these compositions or components of the same, and methods of using these compositions for cellular and non-cellular analysis.

Abstract: A method of measuring micronucleated erythrocyte populations is disclosed. The method includes contacting a sample containing erythrocyte populations with a fluorescently labeled antibody specific to immature erythrocytes among erythrocyte populations; adding an aqueous permeation reagent to the sample and incubating the formed permeation sample mixture for an incubation time sufficient to allow the permeation reagent to render cellular membrane of the erythrocyte populations permeable to RNase and dye; adding a RNase reagent to degrade RNA and to inhibit further reaction of permeation reagent; adding a fluorescent nucleic acid dye reagent to stain DNA representing micronuclei in the erythrocyte populations; performing light scatter and fluorescence measurements of the final sample mixture on a flow cytometer; differentiating micronucleated erythrocyte populations from other cell types; and reporting the micronucleated erythrocyte populations of the sample.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the wrists and hands of an individual adjacent the individual's waist.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the wrists and hands of an individual adjacent the individual's waist. The apparatus includes a primary elongate strap detachably extending around the individual's waist and includes a secondary strap attached to the primary strap. The second strap is shaped and dimensioned to engage and prevent the movement of the hands and wrists of the individual. The individual can slide the primary strap around his waist without being able to disengage himself from the secondary strap.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for restraining an individual seated in a vehicle. The apparatus maintains the handcuffed hands of the individual in position behind the individual's back while he is seated in the vehicle and also prevents the individual from working his hands and the handcuffs underneath his buttocks and legs to the front of the individual's body.