Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improved efficiency and flue gas scrubbing in a fired heater using a condensing convection section. The method preheats a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon/water process feed stream in a coil in the convection section of a fired heater, collects condensate from the flue gas, and scrubs the flue gas with the recirculated condensate. The apparatus has a heat transfer coil disposed in the convection section, to preheat a process stream and form condensate from the flue gas, and a condensate recirculation loop to collect the condensate from the convection section and scrub the flue gas with the condensate.

Abstract: In one aspect, there is provided a combination for use in readying a cutting cylinder is rotatably mounted to a frame in a box-forming production line. The cutting cylinder has a cylinder reference indicium. The combination includes a transfer member with a transfer member reference indicium thereon, a cutting member that includes a base and a cutting blade, and a connector structure that is configured to releasably mount the cutting member to the transfer member. The cutting member is movable to a selected distance along the first axis from the transfer member reference indicium. The connector structure includes a locking structure positionable in an unlocking position for separating the cutting member and the transfer member, and a locking position to lock the connector structure to the transfer member, so as to hold the cutting member at the selected distance from the transfer member reference indicium.

Abstract: In one aspect, there is provided a combination for use in readying a cutting cylinder is rotatably mounted to a frame in a box-forming production line. The cutting cylinder has a cylinder reference indicium. The combination includes a transfer member with a transfer member reference indicium thereon, a cutting member that includes a base and a cutting blade, and a connector structure that is configured to releasably mount the cutting member to the transfer member. The cutting member is movable to a selected distance along the first axis from the transfer member reference indicium. The connector structure includes a locking structure positionable in an unlocking position for separating the cutting member and the transfer member, and a locking position to lock the connector structure to the transfer member, so as to hold the cutting member at the selected distance from the transfer member reference indicium.

Abstract: A reformer suitable for micro-scale design has horizontal catalyst tube(s) passing through a baffled radiant section for convective and radiant heat transfer to the tube(s). To reduce the footprint and/or to facilitate field assembly a combustion chamber and convection section can be oriented transversely with respect to the radiant section; the tube(s) can be horizontal and/or include structured catalyst; and/or the combustion chamber provides flameless combustion or produces a flame without impinging on the tubes. Also, a skid frame-mountable version of the reformer; and a process for transporting, assembling, and/or operating the steam methane reformer.

Abstract: A reformer suitable for micro-scale design has horizontal catalyst tube(s) passing through a baffled radiant section for convective and radiant heat transfer to the tube(s). To reduce the footprint and/or to facilitate field assembly a combustion chamber and convection section can be oriented transversely with respect to the radiant section; the tube(s) can be horizontal and/or include structured catalyst; and/or the combustion chamber provides flameless combustion or produces a flame without impinging on the tubes. Also, a skid frame-mountable version of the reformer; and a process for transporting, assembling, and/or operating the steam methane reformer.

Abstract: Flue gas entry into the tunnel(s) of a furnace is controlled by openings through the entry ports. A furnace tunnel assembly system uses interlocking refractory blocks to form a longitudinal wall of a flue gas flow channel in a firebox. Plugs in some of the ports inhibit flue gas entry from the firebox to the flow channel, and flow passages in some of the ports allow the flue gas to enter the flow channel from the firebox. The flow passages can be provided as inserts having orifices of varying diameter and a profile matching the ports in which they are placed. Matching the flow conductivity (or cross-sectional flow area) and pressure drop through the individual ports to the desired mass flow, the flue gas flow can be distributed evenly, or as otherwise desired, into different ports, intervals, and/or regions of the tunnel.

Abstract: Flue gas entry into the tunnel(s) of a furnace is controlled by varying the flow conductivity or size of the individual or groups of openings through the entry ports. The openings can be provided either as gaps between adjacent blocks, or through bores of varying diameter, or as inserts having orifices of varying diameter and a profile matching the ports in which they are placed. Matching the flow conductivity (or cross-sectional flow area) and pressure drop through the individual ports to the desired mass flow, the flue gas flow can be distributed evenly, or as otherwise desired, into different ports, intervals, and/or regions of the tunnel.

Abstract: Flue gas entry into the tunnel(s) of a furnace is controlled by varying the flow conductivity or size of the individual or groups of openings through the entry ports. The openings can be provided either as gaps between adjacent blocks, or through bores of varying diameter, or as inserts having orifices of varying diameter and a profile matching the ports in which they are placed. Matching the flow conductivity (or cross-sectional flow area) and pressure drop through the individual ports to the desired mass flow, the flue gas flow can be distributed evenly, or as otherwise desired, into different ports, intervals, and/or regions of the tunnel.

Abstract: An estimated conversion rate for a desired advertisement term is calculated. A total number of conversion events for terms having a conversion rate is determined for each of a plurality of conversion rates, and data is generated that describes a first distribution function representing the conversion rates and the associated numbers of conversion rates. Additionally, data describing a second distribution function representing the probability of a given number of conversion events occurring is also generated. Based at least in part on the first distribution function and the second distribution function, the estimated conversion rate for the desired advertisement term is computed.

Abstract: Ammonia is produced in a reactor in which pseudoisothermal conditions can be approached by convective cooling of a reaction zone of the reactor by positioning at least a portion of the reaction zone in indirect contact with a flow of hot gas such as exhaust gas or preheated air. The hot gas may be supplied from a fired heater, a boiler, a reformer, a process air preheat furnace, a gas turbine, or the like. The reactor converts a feed stream of a purge gas or syngas to ammonia. The method may be implemented in a primary synthesis loop or in a purge gas loop of a new ammonia plant, or by retrofitting an existing ammonia plant. Cooperatively installed with a primary ammonia synthesis loop, the reactor increases total ammonia production.

Abstract: Ammonia is produced in a reactor 22, 24, 246, 248, 250 or 252, in which pseudoisothermal conditions can be approached by convective cooling of a reaction zone of the reactor by positioning at least a portion of the reaction zone in indirect contact with a flow of hot gas such as exhaust gas 18 or preheated air. The hot gas 18 may be supplied from a fired heater, a boiler 10, a reformer 202, a process air preheat furnace, a gas turbine, or the like. The reactor converts a feed stream of a purge gas 12 or syngas to ammonia. The method may be implemented in a primary synthesis loop (as at 246, 248, 250, 252) or in a purge gas loop 12 of a new ammonia plant, or by retrofitting an existing ammonia plant. Cooperatively installed with a primary ammonia synthesis loop, the reactor increases total ammonia production.

Abstract: A robotic system includes two joints moving a common load-bearing member along a path for positioning a load. Each joint includes a linear electric motor and a feedback loop, the latter driving the motor accurately in response to a commanded position signal, and a true position signal provided by sensor apparatus disposed alongside a track of each linear motor. Cross-coupling circuitry connects with the sensor apparatus of each joint to produce signals representing differences in positional error and in speed of the joints. The signals are injected into the feedback loops of the joints to effect a shift of power between the joints to synchronize their travel. Window comparator circuitry is employed for introduction of variable gains to the feedback loops for values of positional error and velocity which are greater than reference values in a window.