Abstract: A ladder having a foot having a plastic body with a recess which receives the end of a first rail and is positioned about and conforms to the web and the first and second flanges of the first rail. The foot has a plastic base having a top side from which the body extends. The base has a front edge. The foot has a metal rail fastener which extends through the body and the rail to attach the body and the rail together. The foot has a pad having a rigid plate with a rubber outer layer surrounding the rigid plate and a pad fastener hole that extends entirely through the rigid plate and rubber outer layer, the outer layer of the pad having a bottom with treads. The foot has a metal pad fastener that extends entirely through the pad and entirely through the base to attach the pad to the base so the rigid plate is between the treads and the base of the shell. A ladder foot. A method.

Abstract: A gas seal construction for use on a pump to create a seal between a relatively rotatable pump shaft and housing. A flow barrier arrangement is disposed in close surrounding relationship to the shaft and cooperates with the surrounding housing axially between the seal and the pump chamber for minimizing ingress of pump liquid into the seal chamber during both static and dynamic conditions. The barrier arrangement includes an annular barrier member nonrotatably secured to the shaft and cooperating with an annular shroud which is secured to the housing. The barrier member and shroud have opposed truncated conical surfaces which define a narrow annular passage therebetween which slopes outwardly away from the seal chamber toward the pumping chamber and, at the large diameter end thereof, communicates with an annular sealing zone or dam which is defined between the relatively rotatable barrier member and housing for further restricting ingress of pumping fluid into the seal chamber.

Abstract: A gas seal construction for use on a pump to create a seal between the relatively rotatable pump shaft and housing. A shroud structure is disposed in close surrounding relationship to the shaft axially between the seal and the pump chamber for causing solid particles in the pump liquid to be returned to the pumping chamber.

Abstract: Labels or other segments or sheet material are wrapped around containers or other articles and adhered thereto by adhesive at the ends of the label. At each end pressure is applied by a vacuum drum acting on the end of the label to adhere it to the container. In between the container is caused to spin end is moved about the axis of the vacuum drum by direct contact of the drum with the container.

Abstract: An improved gas seal having inboard and outboard seal units each defined by a pair of opposed and relatively rotatable seal faces, one face of each pair having appropriate grooves which communicate with a pressurized barrier gas, preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen. The inboard seal unit, at its other seal periphery, communicates with a process fluid being handled by a rotating equipment, namely a pump. Each seal unit has one of the seal rings, the nonrotating ring in the preferred embodiment, urged axially toward its opposed ring by a compact bellows which axially cooperates between the respective seal ring and a backing member. The bellows is positioned to create an isolation between the barrier and process fluids and to provide an effective diameter to provide desirable balance of pressures as imposed on the axially moving seal ring to optimize seal performance. The bellows is preferably a single convolution which is free of fixed securement to the moving seal ring.

Abstract: An improved gas seal having inboard and outboard seal units each defined by a pair of opposed and relatively rotatable seal faces, one face of each pair having appropriate grooves which communicate with a pressurized barrier gas, preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen. The inboard seal unit, at its other seal periphery, communicates with a process fluid being handled by a rotating equipment, namely a pump. Each seal unit has one of the seal rings, the nonrotating ring in the preferred embodiment, urged axially toward its opposed ring by a compact bellows which axially cooperates between the respective seal ring and a backing member. The bellows is positioned to create an isolation between the barrier and process fluids and to provide an effective diameter to provide desirable balance of pressures as imposed on the axially moving seal ring to optimize seal performance.