Abstract: Various exercise machines have foot supporting linkages that move a person's feet through respective left and right paths of motion in respective planes that are skewed relative to one another.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a frame configured to rest on a floor surface; left and right rocker links pivotally mounted on the frame; left and right reciprocating links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links, and rearward ends constrained to move in reciprocal fashion relative to the frame; left and right cranks rotatably mounted on the frame; left and right drive links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective cranks, and rearward ends rotatably coupled to intermediate portions of respective reciprocating members; and left and right foot links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links, and rearward, foot supporting ends supported by respective drive links for both rotational and translational movement relative thereto. The resulting linkage assemblies constrain the foot supporting ends to move through elliptical paths, and the paths may be altered by adjusting various components of the linkage assemblies relative to one another and/or the frame.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a frame configured to rest on a floor surface; left and right rocker links pivotally mounted on the frame; left and right reciprocating links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links, and rearward ends constrained to move in reciprocal fashion relative to the frame; left and right cranks rotatably mounted on the frame; left and right drive links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective cranks, and rearward ends rotatably coupled to respective left and right foot links. The foot links have forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links. Intermediate portions of the reciprocating links support rearward portions of respective drive links for both rotational and translational movement relative thereto. The resulting linkage assemblies constrain rearward ends of the foot links to move through elliptical paths, and the paths may be altered by adjusting various components of the linkage assemblies relative to one another and/or the frame.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a linkage assembly which links rotation of an adjustable length crank to generally elliptical movement of a force receiving member. The linkage assembly includes a first link having a rearward end which is rotatably connected to the crank, and a forward end which is rotatably connected to a lower end of a suspended link. An upper portion of the suspended link is rotatably connected to the exercise apparatus frame.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes left and right rigid connector links having first portions rotatably connected to respective cranks, second portions constrained to move in reciprocating fashion, and third portions configured to support a person's feet. The resulting assembly links rotation of the cranks to movement of the foot supports through generally elliptical paths. The connection points may be moved relative to one another and/or a supporting frame to adjust the size, shape, and/or orientation of the paths.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus links rotation of left and right cranks to elliptical movement of left and right foot supporting members. The foot supporting members include left and right foot platforms that travel through space defined between the left and right cranks. Rollers on the cranks allow the foot supporting members to translate relative to the cranks, and amplified drawbar/rocket link arrangements determine the extent of the translation.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus links rotation of left and right crank members to elliptical movement of left and right foot supporting members. Rollers on the cranks allow the foot supporting members to translate relative to the cranks, and crank driven linkage arrangements determine the extent of the translation.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus links rotation of a crank to generally elliptical motion of a foot supporting member. A foot supporting linkage is movably connected between a rocker and a crank in such a manner that the foot supporting member moves through a range of motion greater in length than the distance between the points of connection to the crank.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a frame configured to rest on a floor surface; left and right rocker links pivotally mounted on the frame; left and right reciprocating links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links, and rearward ends constrained to move in reciprocal fashion relative to the frame; left and right cranks rotatably mounted on the frame; left and right drive links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective cranks, and rearward ends rotatably coupled to intermediate portions of respective reciprocating members; and left and right foot links having forward ends rotatably coupled to respective rocker links, and rearward, foot supporting ends supported by respective drive links for both rotational and translational movement relative thereto. The resulting linkage assemblies constrain the foot supporting ends to move through elliptical paths, and the paths may be altered by adjusting various components of the linkage assemblies relative to one another and/or the frame.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a linkage assembly which links rotation of a crank to generally elliptical movement of a force receiving member. The linkage assembly includes a flexible drawbar interconnected between the crank and frame of the exercise apparatus.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a linkage assembly which links rotation of an adjustable length crank to generally elliptical movement of a force receiving member. The linkage assembly includes a first link having a rearward end which is rotatably connected to the crank, and a forward end which is rotatably connected to a lower end of a suspended link. An upper portion of the suspended link is rotatably connected to the exercise apparatus frame.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes a rigid connector link having a first portion rotatably connected to a respective crank, a second portion constrained to move in reciprocating fashion, and a third portion connected to a foot support. The resulting assembly links rotation of the crank to movement of the foot support through a generally elliptical path. The connection points may be moved relative to one another and/or a supporting frame to adjust the size, shape, and/or orientation of the path.

Abstract: Various linkage arrangements link rotation of left and right cranks to movement of left and right foot supports through generally elliptical paths. The linkage arrangements may also link rotation of the cranks to reciprocal movement of left and right handles. Also, connection points defined by the linkage arrangements may be moved relative to one another and/or a supporting frame to adjust the size, shape, and/or orientation of the elliptical paths.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes left and right rigid connector links having first portions rotatably connected to respective cranks, second portions constrained to move in reciprocating fashion, and third portions connected to respective foot supports. Intermediate links are also interconnected between respective cranks and respective foot supports. The resulting assembly links rotation of the cranks to movement of the foot supports through generally elliptical stepping paths. The connection points may be moved relative to one another and/or a supporting frame to adjust the size, shape, and/or orientation of the paths.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus links rotation of left and right crank members to elliptical movement of left and right foot supporting members. Rollers on the cranks allow the foot supporting members to translate relative to the cranks, and crank driven linkage arrangements determine the extent of the translation.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus has a linkage assembly which links rotation of an adjustable length crank to generally elliptical movement of a force receiving member. The linkage assembly includes a first link having a rearward end which is rotatably connected to the crank, and a forward end which is rotatably connected to a lower end of a suspended link. An upper portion of the suspended link is rotatably connected to the exercise apparatus frame.

Abstract: Exercise apparatus include respective left and right linkage assemblies interconnected between a frame and respective left and right cranks rotatably mounted on the frame. The linkage assemblies link circular motion of the cranks to generally elliptical motion of respective left and right foot supports.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes left and right foot links having first end portions rotatably connected to respective cranks, intermediate portions constrained to move in reciprocating fashion, and opposite, second end portions configured to support a person's feet. The resulting assembly links rotation of the cranks to movement of the foot supports through generally elliptical paths. Outboard handlebars are connected to the intermediate portions of the foot links to facilitate coordinate arm exercise without interfering with the leg exercise motion.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus includes left and right support members movably connected to a frame, left and right force receiving members mounted on respective support members for movement along the support members without rotating relative to the support members, and left and right cranks rotatably mounted on the frame and linked to respective support members and respective force receiving members in a manner that constrains the force receiving members to move through respective elliptical paths in response to rotation of the cranks.

Abstract: An elliptical motion rowing machine includes a frame, a linkage assembly movably mounted on the frame in such a manner that a portion of the linkage assembly moves through an elliptical path, and a seat mounted on that portion. A foot platform is preferably provided to support a person's feet, and handlebars are preferably provided to support a person's hands. The handlebars may be movably mounted on the frame, and may also be connected to the linkage assembly for synchronized movement with the seat.