Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a residual life indicator. The residual life indicator comprises a solid, surface active, waterproof support medium having a concentric pattern imprinted thereon. The concentric pattern comprises a center pattern and at least one outer pattern. An indicator dye spot is disposed within the center pattern of the concentric patter. When the indicator dye is exposed to contaminants, the indicator dye spot visually moves toward the outer pattern.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a residual life indicator. The residual life indicator comprises a solid, surface active, waterproof support medium having a concentric pattern imprinted thereon. The concentric pattern comprises a center pattern and at least one outer pattern. An indicator dye spot is disposed within the center pattern of the concentric patter. When the indicator dye is exposed to contaminants, the indicator dye spot visually moves toward the outer pattern.

Abstract: An improved photoionization ion mobility spectrometer is disclosed which utilizes a flashlamp as the source for ionization. A gas sample is introduced via a carrier gas into a ionization chamber which is part of the spectrometer cell. Ionizable molecules contained in the injected gas sample are ionized by the ultraviolet light emitted from the flashlamp. The ionized molecules are attracted by an electrostatic drift field into a drift chamber and travel therethrough against the flow of a drift gas counter-current thereto until they are captured by a collector located in the drift chamber opposite to the ionization chamber. A dopant with an effective ionization potential lower than the photon energy of the emitted light can be introduced into the ionization chamber to further improve the sensitivity and specificity.