Abstract: Embodiments are directed towards a use of a biphenylphenol polymerization catalyst to make a polymer in a gas-phase or slurry-phase polymerization process conducted in a single gas-phase or slurry-phase polymerization reactor, wherein the biphenylphenol polymerization catalyst is made from a biphenylphenol polymerization precatalyst of Formula I, and wherein the biphenylphenol polymerization catalyst has a kinetic induction time of greater than 40 seconds as determined by a least squares fit of a first-order exponential for a rate of increase of an instantaneous polymerization rate for the gas-phase or slurry-phase polymerization process.

Abstract: A process for preparing aldehydes from synthesis gas includes introducing a first feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide into a reaction zone of a first reactor, converting the first feed stream into a first product stream comprising C2 to C4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a first catalyst, wherein the first product stream further comprises carbon dioxide, removing water and C4 and higher hydrocarbons from the first product stream to form a second feed stream, and converting the second feed stream into a second product stream comprising propionaldehyde in the presence of a second catalyst in a second reactor. The propionaldehyde can further be converted to methyl methacrylate via oxidative esterification.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 carboxylic acids from synthesis gas includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide into a reaction zone of a first reactor, converting the feed stream into an intermediate stream comprising C2 to C4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a first catalyst, wherein the intermediate stream further comprises carbon dioxide and wherein the first catalyst is a composite catalyst comprising a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component, and converting the intermediate stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C4 carboxylic acids in the presence of a second catalyst in a second reactor. The second reactor can be configured for olefin oxidation or paraffin oxidation.

Abstract: A process for preparing aldehydes from methanol includes introducing a feed stream comprising methanol and hydrogen gas into a reaction zone of a first reactor, converting the feed stream into an intermediate stream comprising C2 to C4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of a first catalyst, wherein the first catalyst is a microporous catalyst component, removing water and species C4 and heavier from the intermediate stream to form a lights stream, and converting the lights stream into a product stream comprising propionaldehyde in the presence of a second catalyst and carbon monoxide in a second reactor. The propionaldehyde can further be converted to methyl methacrylate via oxidative esterification.

Abstract: A method of making a poly(ethylene-co-1-alkene) copolymer having a reverse comonomer distribution, the method comprising contacting ethylene and at least one 1-alkene with an effective catalyst therefor under effective gas-phase or slurry-phase polymerization conditions, thereby making the poly(ethylene-co-1-alkene) copolymer having a reverse comonomer distribution; wherein the effective catalyst is made by contacting a ligand-metal complex of formula (I), as described herein, with an activator under activating conditions.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings and may be derived from a natural mineral, the product stream comprises a combined C2 and C3 selectivity greater than 40 carbon mol%.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C3 hydrocarbons may include introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas comprising carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor, and converting the feed stream into a product stream comprising C2 to C3 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst may include a metal oxide catalyst component and a microporous catalyst component comprising 8-MR pore openings less than or equal to 5.1 A and a cage defining ring size less than or equal to 7.45 A, where a C2/C3 carbon molar ratio of the product stream is greater than or equal to 0.7.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed towards a use of a supported gas-phase biphenylphenol polymerization catalyst to make a polymer via a gas-phase polymerization process, wherein the supported gas-phase biphenylphenol polymerization catalyst is made from a gas-phase biphenylphenol polymerization precatalyst of Formula I.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 olefins includes introducing a feed stream of hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas into a reaction zone of a reactor and converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst and in a non-oxidative atmosphere. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component comprising gallium oxide and zirconia, and a microporous catalyst component having an 8 membered ring structure. The process also includes periodically introducing an oxidative atmosphere into the reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream into a reaction zone of a reactor, the feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide. An additional stream is introduced into the reaction zone of the reactor, the additional stream comprising carbon dioxide. A combined stream that includes the feed stream and the additional stream is converted into a product stream comprising C2 to C4 hydrocarbons in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a mixed metal oxide catalyst component, and a microporous catalyst component. The process operates at a gas hourly space velocity in excess of 2500 hr-1 and effectively yields a net carbon dioxide selectivity of less than 5.0% and a productivity of C2-C4 hydrocarbons greater than 75 g hydrocarbons per kilogram of catalyst per hour.

Abstract: A method for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins including introducing a feed stream of hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. Converting the feed stream into a product stream that includes C2 to C5 paraffins in the reaction zone in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst including a microporous catalyst component; and a metal oxide catalyst component. The metal oxide catalyst component including a metal component present on a metal oxide support material. The metal oxide support material includes at least one oxide of a metal selected from Group 4 of the IUPAC periodic table of elements. The product stream has a C3/C2 carbon molar ratio greater than or equal to 4.0.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprises an acrolein-oxidizing catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide catalyst of general formula (1): MoVaA1bA2cA3dOm??(I) in which A1 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of W and Cu; A2 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Sb, Fe, and Nb; A3 comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Cr, Mn, Re, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ag, Au, Zn, B, Al, Ga, In, Ge, Sn, Si, Te, Pb, P, As, Bi, Se, rare earth elements, alkaline elements, and alkaline earth elements; a ranges from 0.01 to 1.0; b ranges from 0.01 to 1.5; c ranges from 0 to 1.5; d ranges from 0 to 1.0; and m is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements.

Abstract: A method for preparing C2 to C5 paraffins includes introducing a feed stream including hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. Converting the feed stream into a product stream including C2 to C5 paraffins in the presence of a hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a microporous catalyst component; and a metal oxide catalyst component selected from (A) a bulk material consisting of gallium oxide, (B) gallium oxide present on a titanium dioxide support material, and (C) a mixture of gallium oxide and at least one promoter present on a support material selected from Group 4 of the IUPAC periodic table of elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing C2 to C4 olefins includes introducing a feed stream comprising hydrogen gas and a carbon-containing gas selected from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone of a reactor. The feed stream is converted into a product stream including C2 to C4 olefins in the reaction zone in the presence of the hybrid catalyst. The hybrid catalyst includes a metal oxide catalyst component comprising gallium oxide and phase pure zirconia, and a microporous catalyst component.