Abstract: A catalyst free organosolv process for a more efficient delignification and bio-product production by fractionating lignocellulosic materials comprises of providing one or more lignin dissolving chemicals with water and placing it in contact with lignocellulosic biomass. The process also includes producing used solvent as a result of placing biomass in contact with lignin dissolving chemicals and water, separating it into organic and aqueous layers, extracting poly lignin from the organic layer to produce recyclable lignin dissolving chemicals, and extracting dissolved solid from the aqueous layer to produce recyclable water. The catalyst free organosolv process can use any combination of fresh, used, or recyclable water and lignin dissolving chemicals, with or without any pH adjustment and placing them in contact with any biomass in process, or any new biomass. The recyclable lignin dissolving chemicals can be further separated to remove any excess or desired organic chemicals from it.

Abstract: A filter connector is provided which securely holds each of its contacts and electrically connects a capacitor between each contact and an electrical ground, which is rugged and can be constructed at low cost. The connector includes a metal shell with a rear shell wall having holes through which the contacts pass. A group of tubular capacitors with terminals at its outside and inside are installed in the holes, and each contact passes through a central hole of a tubular capacitor. The outside terminal of each capacitor is soldered to the rear shell wall, and the inner terminal of each capacitor is soldered to a contact. The capacitor has a flange on its front end that abuts the front face of the rear shell wall, and the contact has an enlarged middle portion whose rear abuts the front of the capacitor and whose front abuts a front insulator of the connector.

Abstract: An erosion control bag of dark-colored fabric for underwater use and light-colored for other use is disclosed having a porosity of 10 to 35 cubic feet per minute so that air and water may escape from the bag as water and a filler are pumped into the bag. The bag has a self-sealing opening so that it can be filled while positioned in situ below water level.