Abstract: The present invention cleans gas produced from solid carbonaceous materials in a two stage gas producer. Second stage gas from the gas producer is passed through a first precipitator to remove oil mist and particulates from the second stage gas. First stage gas from the gas producer is passed through a cyclone to remove particulates from the first stage gas. The first stage gas from the cyclone is cooled and then mixed with the second stage gas from the first precipitator. The temperature of the gas mixture is maintained at least at the temperature of the second stage gas. The gas mixture is cooled to a temperature in the range of about 25.degree. F. to about 125.degree. F. above the water dew point of the gas mixture. The cooled gas mixture is subsequently passed through a second precipitator to remove oil mist and particulates from the gas mixture and to yield an industrial usable gas.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided for reforming hydrocarbon with steam, comprising a nickel containing catalyst in the form of an activated elongated strip.

Abstract: Gaseous and liquid products discharged from the outlet of an in-situ retort for the retorting of oil shale are delivered into an underground separating chamber located substantially at the level of the bottom of the retort. The lower portion of the separating chamber is divided by a weir into a first sump adjacent the inlet end of the separating chamber and a second sump adjacent the outlet end of the separating chamber. Oil and water separate in the first sump and the oil overflows the weir into the second sump. Water is withdrawn at a level below the oil in the first sump and pumped to the surface. Oil is withdrawn from the second sump and pumped to the surface separately from the water.

Abstract: A process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials to produce a high B.T.U. gaseous product is disclosed. The process includes the partial oxidation of a fluid hydrocarbon to produce a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, followed by contacting the gaseous mixture with a relatively cool, finely-divided carbonaceous solid material. The resulting gas-solid mixture is then passed along with a carbonaceous feed into a high velocity transfer line reactor furnace, and the solid material is removed from the gas-solid mixture which emerges from the reactor furnace. The present invention is particularly well suited for the hydrogasification of high boiling, carbon-rich feedstocks such as reduced crude oils.