Abstract: A component placement unit for placing a component on a substrate, which component placement unit comprises at least one nozzle which is rotatable about a central axis, by means of which a component can be picked up and placed on the substrate. The component placement unit further comprises at least one sensor for determining the orientation of the component relative to the nozzle. At least one optical element is disposed between said sensor and said nozzle. A first focus plane of the optical element at least substantially coincides with the central axis of the nozzle, whilst a second focus plane substantially coincides with the sensor, wherein an image produced by means of the sensor is a contour image of the component.

Abstract: A method for calibrating at least one device (2) that comprises a camera, in which an object (3, 10) having at least one reference element (4, 11, 12, 13, 14) is brought into the image area of the camera. A first position of the reference element (4, 11, 12, 13, 14) relative to the device (2) is determined from an image (5, 6, 8, 9, 15, 16) made by the camera. Then a displacem relative to the device (2) is imposed on the object (3, 10). A second position of the reference element (4, 11, 12, 13, 14) relative to the device (2) is determined from a second image made by the camera (5, 6, 8, 9, 15, 16). A real displacement of the object (3, 10)(3) relative to the device (2) is determined from the first and second relative positions, which real displacement is compared with the imposed displacement.

Abstract: A method of establishing at least one marking element on a substrate (1). By means of design data of the substrate (1) at least a fictitious marking element (5) on the substrate (1) is determined. The fictitious marking element (5) should then be unique for a predefined area of the substrate (1). The fictitious marking element is obtained by selecting at least two transitions (6, 7, 17, 18) of at least one element on the substrate while the transitions (6, 7, 17, 18) enclose an angle to each other.